Semantics of words (A semantic approach to word types)

Language, being the primary tool of human communication, plays a critical role in expressing thoughts and emotions. Its components are classified as phonetic, morphological, syntactic, and semantic, with meaning emerging from the interaction of these components. This thesis investigates the relationship between language and meaning, and how this relationship is examined from linguistic, semantic, philosophical, and psychological perspectives. The research examines the structures and functions of word classes in Turkish, exploring how these classes ensure the structural integrity and functional efficiency of the language. The literature review on the definition and classification of word classes highlights the different approaches of linguists and the importance of these approaches in grammatical studies. The main sections of the thesis are divided into three major headings: word classes, method, and findings. The word classes section provides a detailed analysis of the types of nouns, adjectives, pronouns, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, interjections, and verbs used in Turkish, explaining each type's definition, function, and place in the language with literature examples. The method section elaborates on how the research was conducted and the techniques used, while the findings section analyzes the results obtained. This thesis makes a significant contribution to understanding the structural features of language and the dynamic nature of meaning. By deeply examining the complex relationship between language and meaning, it offers new perspectives on linguistic studies and how the human mind operates through language.