Availability of the trait based on spectral reflection and digital data in estimating yield and quality in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes

This study was conducted in Diyarbakır during the 2020-2021 production season under drought conditions in order to investigate the association between physiological traits based on spectral reflection and digital data with yield and quality parameters of barley. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with four replications, with three local barley cultivars (Local Barley 32, Local Barley 69, and Local Barley 71), seven registered barley cultivars (Önder, Vamk Hoca 98, Dara, Finola, Keçiburcu, Hevsel, and Oberek), and six advanced lines ( IBYT HI, IBYT HI 16-8, IBYT HI 13-24, IBON HI 16-12, IBON HI 15-21 and 15 BDSN 58).According to the findings, stem elongation takes 100,0-105,8 days, tiller number is 1,95-2,70 days, awn emergence takes 112,75-120,8 days, ear emergence takes 123,25-126,25 days, physiological maturity takes 141,5-158,0 days, plant height is 47,65-69,25 cm, spike length is 5,02-7,67 cm, thousand grain weight is 25,61-35,35 g, grain yield is 57,0-131,33 kg/da, biomass is 859,63-1353,28 kg/da, harvest index is 6,33-15,13 %, protein content is 13,05-17,16 %, starch content is %76,85-80,06 and oil content is 1,08-1,46 %. Using the Canopeo application and a mobile camera, canopy ground cover was measured five times from plant emergence. In all Canopeo measurement times, the difference between genotypes was statistically significant. Because of the drought season, the plants were able to cover the soil surface by an average of 90,5 %. While the IBYT HI 16-8 genotype had the highest covering time in the shortest period of 51 days, the Oberek genotype had the highest covering (growth) rate of 4,31 percent per day. There was a difference between genotypes in the first three measurements of NDVI, which was taken six times between tillering and the start of grain filling, and the highest NDVI value was obtained from the IBON HI 16-12 advanced line. The maximum chlorophyll value measured by chlorophyll meter was obtained from the Önder cultivar at the beginning of heading stage and from Finola and IBON HI 15-21 cultivars at the end of the flowering period. In general, it has been found that local varieties are late-heading time, tall, long-headed, and high-yielding, and that their quality is comparable to that of registered varieties. Canopeo values in the early phase and NDVI values in the heading stage are connected with biological yield and grain yield, indicating that these approaches can be used to identify high yielding barley genotypes.