Planning of sustainable rural life within the framework of landscape elements, rural life model

There are two main sociological approaches to the study of rural society in the world and in Türkiye. The theoretical studies, which are the first approach, mostly include social structure and the processes of rural transformation, while field studies based on micro-level and practice are adopted as the second approach. Rural areas, which are a settlement place, are analyzed within the scope of two basic elements: natural environment and social structure. The fact that these two elements are in constant interaction with each other shows that they are in direct or indirect interaction with fields such as geography, economy, agriculture, geology and anthropology. When the data for many years in Türkiye are analyzed, it is known that the transitivity between rural and urban population varies. First of all, as a natural consequence of the country's high-scale strategic planning after the 1980s, the rural population decreased rapidly and the urban population increased. The rapid increase in the urban population has created a difference in the production texture in rural areas on the one hand, and on the other hand, it has caused sociocultural and economic problems in cities where there is not enough preparation in terms of infrastructure. In this study, the social, cultural and economic conditions of the neighborhoods (villages) in Karaisalı district of Adana are discussed in the context of ecosystem services and sustainability.