Evaluation of thirtieth part of tafsir al-Tabari in term of science of giraat

The third century of the Hijra is the period when disciplines such as tafsir (commentaries of the Qur'an), hadith and qiraat thrived and many books were published. Even though Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari was born in 225/839 in the city of Amol in Tabaristan, he settled down in Baghdad and lived there. He became a considerably well-respected authority in Islamic Studies thanks to his travelling for science, and curiosity to learn since the first few years of his life. Even though the book he wrote called Qiraat about the recitation of the Qur'an is lost, the relevant evaluations that he mentioned in his tafsir show us that Tabari is an excellent scholar of 'qiraat' besides Tafsir. Our study which has the title The Evaluation of the Thirtieth Chapter in the Tafsir of Tabari from the Qiraat Perspective comprises of an introduction and two subsequent sections. The information about qiraat which constitutes the foundation of our study has been given in the introduction. The description of qiraat, relevant terminology, what it entails, its purpose, benefits, historical course, the ways in which they reached today, and the variations are the headings of this section. Tabari's life, scholarly personality, works, and methodology have been presented in the first section. In the beginning of the second section, Jami' al Bayan which is the main source of our study has been introduced and general characteristics of the surahs in the last chapter of the Qur'an has been described here. While presenting the qiraat evaluations of the scholar, the surahs in the thirtieth chapter of the Qur'an has been evaluated from the perspective of qiraat after giving examples from the terminology he used in his work; They (the verses) have been classified under the headings of phonetics, grammar, word formation and a section is allocated for other topics which could not be classified under these three sections. Our main source in qiraat evaluations is Tabari's book of tafsir called Jāmiʿ al-bayan ʿan taʾwil ay al-Qurʾan. The author analyzed the suras in terms of tafsir in accordance with the order of the Qur'an, and was immaculate about the order of the verses, and moved on to the study of qiraat without creating a different subheading after the evaluations of verses and tafsir, in his work. In qiraat evaluations, generally authentic scholars' qiraats are explained through examples, seldom non-authenticated (şaz) qiraats and differences in the written copies of the Qur'ans of the Companions of the Prophet have been mentioned. Besides giving his own opinion, Tabari after all these, left the preference to the reader. Keywords: Tabari, Jami' al-bayan, Qiraat, Chapter 30 (Thirty), Thirtieth Chapter