Investigation of trace element levels and malate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase enzyme activity in patients with thyroid function disorder

The thyroid is an endocrine gland. The hormones it secretes, it regulates many functions in the body. In case of deficiency or excess, it can cause very serious discomfort and complaints in patients life. Thyroid gland functions are also very important for general body health. Because the imbalance in the level of thyroid hormone negatively affects the functioning of other organs and systems. The thyroid hormone, irregularities which occur with complaints such as fatigue, weight loss, and inability to lose weight, also reduce the quality of life of the person Approximately 200 million people are known that in the world have thyroid disease and this disease affects 3 out of every 10 people in Turkey. It is also stated that thyroid diseases are more common in women. The prevalence of endemic goiter in Turkey has been revealed in the 2019 report of the Thyroid Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines. Functional disorder of the thyroid is seen with a frequency of 5% in the population and its frequency increases with increasing aging Thyroid disease unknown pathogenesis that awaits prevention or novel forms of treatment. However, hypothyroidism can cause more serious complications and even be life-threatening. Serious complications of hypothyroidism include the following. Metabolism and heart rate low enough to cause patients to enter a coma cause vital risks such as heart failure, severe, life-threatening depression, and death. Thyroid hormones play a major role in maintaining basal metabolism in the body. The Krebs (TCA) cycle is also at the center of energy metabolism in the body. In this respect, it is thought that low or high enzymes in the TCA cycle may be associated with thyroid dysfunctions. In addition, trace elements such as zinc and copper take place as cofactors in the work of TCA enzymes and thyroid hormones. The aim of our study, we aimed to investigate whether these parameters will be useful in the diagnosis of thyroid diseases by comparing the zinc and copper levels and the activity of Malate dehydrogenase, Isocitrate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase enzyme activities, which are rate-limiting enzymes of TCA, in hypo and hyperthyroid patient groups with the euthyroid control group. Keywords: Thyroid Dysfunction, copper, zinc, Malate Dehydrogenase (MDH), Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH), Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GLDH), Graves Disease, Hashimoto Disease