Comparison the stresses occurring in the peri-implant bone, implant, superstructure, abutment and screw after using peek materials, which are alternative to titanium abutments and metal-supported restorations, by finite element stress analysis

Comparison The Stresses Occurring In The Peri-Implant Bone, Implant, Superstructure, Abutment And Screw After Using PEEK Materials, Which Are Alternative To Titanium Abutments And Metal-Supported Restorations, By Finite Element Stress Analysis Today, implant treatments have increased with the increase of technology and the importance of human health. As implant treatments are performed, studies are being done to increase the success of these treatments. In dental implant treatment, titanium is used as the abutment with high success rates. Similarly, metal alloy supported porcelains are routinely used materials. Optimal biomechanical conditions should be provided for the healthy and long-term maintenance of implants in the mouth. Stresses that occur in the cortical and trabecular bones and cause bone resorption are affected by implant materials, implant design, superstructure materials, design of superstructure materials and loading conditions. Many studies are done to attract higher levels of success of implant treatment. Three-dimensional finite element stress analysis for use in the recently medicine and dentistry with many engineering fields thanks to easy application, although sensitive both in terms of material should stress analysis is quite common and is detected by in vivo studies to ensure its smooth implementation in computer environment that can not be a lot of stress analysis. PEEK (poly-ether-ether-ketone) can be used as substructure and superstructure material in crown and bridge restorations, implants treatment and removable dentures due to biocompatibility, white color and close to its mechanical properties to bone The aim of our study is to compare the stresses occurring in the peri-implant bone, implant, superstructure, abutment, and screw after loading using PEEK materials, which are alternative to titanium abutments and metal-supported XXVII restorations, by finite element stress analysis and to try to draw bone resorption to lower rates. MATERIAL AND METHODS In our study, 4 titanium implants with a diameter of 3,8 mm and a length of 10,5 mm; 2 pieces of titanium, 2 pieces of PEEK abutment, 2 pieces of metal supported porcelain as superstructure and 2 pieces of monolithic PEEK upper central restoration were made as 3 dimensional model and 4 different groups were obtained. After meshing of cortical and spongiosal bone and used materials, poisson ratio and young module values were loaded. Oblique force of 45° 178N was applied to the palatal surface of the upper central incisor 2 mm below the incisal edge and analysis was performed. The highest tensile, compressive and Von Mises stress distributions in the peri-implant bone, implant, superstructure, abutment and screw were examined and compared with each other. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The stresses that occur on the peri-implant bone are closely related to each other when all groups are examined. But the stresses on the bone were more affected by the change of the crown material than by the change of the abutment material. Stresses that occur in the bone were metal-supported ceramic crowns as the crown material and PEEK abutment as the abutment material showed less stress on the bone. The stresses on the implant were not significantly affected by the change of the crown material when all groups were examined. It has been observed that the use of titanium abutments with a higher elastic modulus after replacement of the abutment material results less stress on the implant than on the stresses after use of the PEEK abutments. When all the groups of stresses on the abutment are examined; the change of abutment material was more affected than the change of crown material and with the use of PEEK abutments with low modulus of elasticity, PEEK provides less stress on XXVIII its own stresses which transmits to the implant and screw. The use of PEEK crowns as a crown material has reduced the stresses that occur on the abutment. When all groups of stresses on the crown are examined, less stress was observed in groups of titanium abutment in terms of abutment material than in groups using PEEK abutment. In the case of the PEEK crown in terms of the crown material, PEEK has provided less stresses on its own than in the metal-supported ceramic crowns. When all the groups of stresses on the screw are examined, much less stress was observed with the use of titanium abutments for abutment material. The use of PEEK crown in terms of crown material has reduced the stress on the screw in the groups used on the titanium abutment, when used on PEEK abutments, the use of PEEK crown increased stress on the screw. The use of PEEK material showed that the stresses on the resultant force were reduced in all tests on itself. At the end of our study, it can be seen that the stresses in the implant system can be reduced by changing the prosthetic materials. The results of our study should be supported by long-term investigations in vitro and in vivo. By improving the modifications and material properties, clinical dentistry applications of PEEK material can be increased. KEYWORDS: PEEK, Finite element analysis, Dental implant