Metal production workshops of the lower city of Tralles

The ancient city of Tralles was founded in the north of Aydın Province today called Topyatağı. It is located at a point dominating the lowland on the southern slopes of the Aydın Mountains in the North of the city, on a strategically important point towards the trade route along the Menderes Plain. Although the first researches about the city date back to the middle of the 18th century, the first systematic excavations and surveys were conducted between the years of 1996 and 2002. According to the pottery unearthed in the Acropolis of Tralles during these works, the history of the city dates back to the first millennium B.C. was inhabited in the first quarter. However, it is known by the written sources that the city did not have a history dating back to the 5th century B.C., but the actual settlement of the city began to expand from the second half of the 4th century B.C. and spread through the south of the Acropolis, namely Aşağı Kent. Peculiarly, since the beginning of the 2nd century B.C., original works of art were produced and important monumental buildings were built in the city that was under the rule of Bergama Kingdom. Tralles became one of the important cities of Asia province between the years 133 and 126 B.C. with the connection of Pergamum Kingdom to Rome by a testament. The city which was largely destroyed by the great earthquake of 26 B.C., was rebuilt by the emperor Augustus who provided financial support and by the architects of military origin sent from Rome. The city developed and expanded socially and economically during the Roman Empire era. During the researches and scientific excavations in the city (1996-2002 / 2009-2010), the shops on the west side of the Bath-Gymnasium, the Acropolis fortification walls, the acropolis terrace structures, the unknown presence of Arsenal / Military Depot, the Lower Town / Housing Zone and the Episcopal Palace has been revealed. In "Lower City Housing Area" our thesis subject, it was observed that there was a dense residential during the Late Roman Early Byzantine Period. It was understood that there were manufacture workshops in the residential and dwelling zones identified in Insula B. Among the production goods found in metal workshops, notedly iron and bronze findings indicate that the city did not lose its importance in the Late Roman Early Byzantine Period as well. In the west of the Bath-Gymnasium Complex, the Late Roman Early Byzantine Period "Lower City Housing Area" revealed the work of the Insula-B in the western part of the residential area, fixed production units in Capital Residence, the locations connected to these production units were identified and their intended use. tried to be understood. In the studies, an Iron Workshop dated to the 6th century BC and a Bronze Workshop dated to the 4th and 5th century BC were tried to be evaluated in detail. The architectural structure of the workshops, the way they work and the tools used in the production obtained from these areas, the residues of the workshops were evaluated, classified and dated, then the production systems in the residential area were examined. It is comprehended that the fixed production units and antiques were being produced in the workshops attached to the house. Keywords: Tralles, Late Roman Early Byzantine, Lower Town Housing Zone, Metal Production Workshops, Iron, Bronze, Terracotta, Belt Buckle, Belt Buckle Moulds.