Transit trade and practices related to incoterms

This thesis explores the growing significance of transit trade in today's rapidly evolving global economy, focusing on the practical use of Incoterms 2020 delivery terms, which are commonly employed in such trade transactions. The study begins with a detailed examination of the definition, classifications, legal basis, and real-world practices of transit trade, with particular attention to its application in Turkey. Following this, all 11 Incoterms 2020 rules are assessed individually to evaluate their relevance and applicability within transit trade, both in theory and in practice. The research highlights that the selection of delivery terms in transit operations is not simply a technical detail, but often a strategic choice that can influence the legal, operational, and financial outcomes of a trade transaction. The study points out that misapplying these terms may result in higher costs, documentation mismatches, or even legal disputes. In this respect, the findings aim to provide a useful reference for international trade practitioners, logistics experts, and policymakers working to improve efficiency and reduce risk in complex trade structures.