Carriage and delivery restraints according to Turkish code of commerce and convention on the carriage of goods by road

The aim of this work is to examine CMR Art. 14-15 and Turkish Code of Commerce (TTK) Art. 869 et al. provisions, which regulates the carrier's obligations, in case of the occurrence of circumstances preventing the execution of the transportation activity in the transport of goods by road and the proper delivery at the final destination agreed upon between the parties. The first section of the work, written in three parts, focuses on general information on transport activity and road transport, the transport contract, definitions and characteristics, sender, consignee shipment and carrier concepts, the definition of carrier in various arrangements, International agreement transport to which Turkey is a party as well as on the CMR convention, which constitutes the main subject of this study. In the second section, general information was given on the liability of the carrier; its legal nature in accordance with TTK and CMR; the notion of delivery; possible impossibilities that may be barriers. The third section includes the transportation and delivery restraints within the framework of TTK and CMR provisions, impossibility conditions that may cause obstacles, the measures that the carrier may apply as well as the obligations of the carrier in the event of such obstacles, and information on registration of payment on delivery and incomplete delivery concepts at delivery considered as delivery restraints.