Floral ebru in Turkish ebru art and their current Applications

Turkish ebru art is a very old book decoration art made with natural dyes and materials, originating from Central Asia according to the sources. Turkish ebru art also forms the basis of classical ebru. Classical ebru art; oversize, nightingale's nest, shawl, combing, combed, akkase etc. As there are varieties, "Hatip Ebru", which is considered to be the beginning of flowered ebru, and "Floral Ebru", called "Necmeddin Ebru", are also included in the classical ebru art. Turkish ebru art has survived for centuries with the master-apprentice method. Today's ebru artists can do both classical ebru art and new style ebru. When it comes to floral ebru in Turkish ebru art, Hatip Mehmet Efendi, known for his flower ebru experiments, and Necmeddin Okyay, who contributed to the development of flowered ebru, come to the fore. The new findings are the fact that the ebru samples made by both masters were also made in the past. Until Okyay's student, Mustafa Esat Düzgünman, the acceleration of floral ebru, then the slowdown in this acceleration, the repetition of art and the setting limits on the art of ebru are the facts that make this art stagnant. When the floral ebru of the classical period were examined, it was seen that the number of examples of flowered ebru was few and figures were made with natural dyes and materials, handmade according to the conditions of the period, again according to the conditions of that period. Floral ebru samples made today are either two-dimensional by imitating the past, either stylized or three-dimensional with a naturalistic approach as seen in nature. Regardless of the method used, it is clearly seen that today's flowered ebru has undergone a technical change compared to the classical flowered ebru made in the past. This technical change not only allowed the creation of creative and free thought designs in vii today's ebru art, but also allowed the number of ebru varieties of the past period to increase. KEYWORDS: Ebru art, Floral Ebru, Classical Ebru, Ebru artists, Ebru making