Roof construction systems of tomb architecture in Ancient civilations of Turkey

Roof construction systems of the tumuli, above-ground and/or underground chamber tombs, tomb monuments and rock tombs, which reflect the intense diversity of the ancient period space roof and were created in Anatolia and Anatolian Thrace from the Iron Age to the Late Roman Period, which were formed depending on the local architectural traditions and climatic conditions of the region and became traditional in time with cultural interactions, were evaluated in terms of technique and typology. The regional and chronological distribution of the tomb architecture roof construction systems has been determined, and it has been revealed whether there is a relationship, communication and continuity in terms of form, technique and material. The relationship of some forms such as plain and triangular roof with the civil architecture of the region in which they were created was mentioned, on the other hand, these forms were examined comparatively in chronological and regional terms. Some roof forms such as the vault roof created with the keystone technique and the : lantern roof created with the cross/parallel thrust technique, which sheds light on the dating criteria; the construction techniques of tombs built with materials such as brick and mortar, and especially wood, were tried to be understood. Roof construction equipments, in which the effects of wooden structuralism are observed in stone architecture, are introduced. On the other hand, based on some tombs, ideas about some parts of residential architecture that have not survived have been revealed. In addition, the forms of the roof construction systems, which are evaluated in terms of form, material and technique, used except the tomb structures are discussed. Within the scope of the thesis, the burial chambers of some burial structures, which were historically created from the Iron Age to the Late Roman Period and can be classified as form, technique and material, in Anatolia and Anatolian Thrace, and technical, typological, historical and regional evaluations were made by being included the space roofs of the dromos/tomb anterior chambers, if any, in the catalogue. The origin distribution and cultural effects of the classifications of roof systems were determined and it was revealed whether there was a relationship, communication and continuity. Keywords: Anatolia and Anatolian Thrace, tomb architecture, roof, form, technique, material.