An analytical evaluation towards determining the source of systematic problems in the conservation of monumental cultural assets in Türkiye

The phenomenon of protecting the works created by mankind throughout thousands of years of civilization, today called "Immovable Cultural Assets", is a responsibility that is accepted as a common problem of humanity in our age and should be emphasized. The fact that the level of communication and transportation means has brought societies in the world closer to each other forces nations to take ownership of this common heritage, thus increasing the responsibility of the owners of the works and administrations. In this direction, the importance of legal regulations for the protection of historical structures has been accepted, and the understanding of protection, which was initially limited to individual efforts and initiatives, has become an international responsibility over time. Despite this important level that the phenomenon of protection has reached, when the current situation of the immovable cultural assets under protection in our country is examined, it is seen that the result has not been achieved at the required level. In this context, this study aims to identify the problems experienced in achieving the goals of the protection works carried out in our country under their main headings in general, analyze the details of these problems with their subheadings and present the results that will be the basis for the correct management and implementation of the protection process. As a result of academic research, it has been determined that the problems experienced in the protection of immovable cultural assets in our country can be caused by 5 main parameters and sub-parameters within the scope of the current functioning, organization and applications as 'systematic': Socio-Economic (conceptual, economic, social), Legal (law, regulation, principle decisions), Administrative (central, local, non-governmental organizations), Urbanization and Planning (functional, physical, rent and zoning (visual deterioration) and Application (before-after) parameters. In terms of material and method, in order to determine that the problems experienced in the protection of historical structures in the study area are caused by the main and sub-parameters in question, it was aimed to evaluate and determine 25 monumental structures (4 Mosques- 4 Baths, 10 Inns, 7 Madrasahs) in the area. In this direction, the data regarding the structures in question were collected from the Konya, Aksaray and Karaman provinces within the scope of the Konya Immovable Cultural Assets Protection Regional Directorate, which operates in the same field as the Konya Foundations Regional Directorate. monumental structures with various functions, mostly from the Seljuk period, that have survived to the present day have been examined. In addition to this institutional data, archives of local governments and archives of private companies that carry out projects and applications about historical artifact protection have been utilized. Inventory tables have been created for each monumental work in line with the obtained data. In these tables, the structures' identities, general descriptions, architectural features, historical intervention (repair) processes and problems detected in terms of parameters have been discussed in detail. In line with the inventory tables prepared, determinations regarding which parameters caused the problems experienced in historical artifacts were obtained with the help of a survey, face-to-face studies conducted with 15 experts in conservation projects and applications. The obtained data were analyzed with the "IBM SPSS v23" program; the numerical and percentage values of the problems seen in the monumental structures in question, which types of problems are mostly seen and the changes in the problems according to the parameters have been revealed by making cross-sections regarding important parameters. As a result and evaluation; In our country, many problems have been identified in the socio-economic, administrative, urbanization and application-related issues determined as important parameters in the protection of historical structures: cultural indifference, lack of education and financing difficulties; lack of coordination between institutions and deficiencies in legal regulations; environmental-zoning regulations, functionality, deterioration of original plan schemes, neglect of maintenance and repairs; damage to the originality of structures in usage-functionalization, delays in detection and registration, implementations contrary to restoration projects and failure to conduct inspections carefully have come to the fore.