The diffusion and legitimization process of private tutoring in Turkey

The content of this study is the legitimization process of the dual structure in the education field with the constitution of an unexpected new form (private tutoring institutions) as a result of the alteration of the governmental policies (as an institutional actor) in the field. In this scope, the purpose of the study is to 1) to understand the process of transformation of the governmental policies and unfunctionalization of the schools as the supported form by the government, and the school dependent legitimization and survival of the new controversial organizational form as an additional phase, 2) to explain the dominant factors effecting the legitimization of the new form -whether technical or institutional. As a result of the qualitative analysis of the process, the existence of an inconvertibly perceived legitimization was relied upon a discursive mechanism in the sequenced order of narrativization, rationalization, moralization, normalization and authorization strategies. When the operational process of this mechanism was analyzed with a quantitative perspective, the results indicated that institutional factors such as the legal changes in the education field and the success level of a city as the moderating effect of perception were dominant. Another remarkable result of the study is that, the perception of contribution of the new form, spanning with the institutional factors, to the level of success reflects a myth in the sense that, in a sample selected from the city of Ankara, the principal factor effecting the students? level of success was diagnosed to be their own individual success level and the success of the school they were graduated from.