An evaluation of money laundering methods within the scope of economic crimes in Turkey

The phenomenon of money laundering is a multidimensional and contemporary issue that must be addressed not only from an economic standpoint but also from social, legal, and ethical perspectives. The process of integrating illicit proceeds into the legitimate financial system weakens the economic structure, contributes to the growth of the criminal economy, undermines trust in the justice system, and disrupts social balance. This study aims to explore the multifaceted impacts of money laundering and to contribute to a deeper understanding of both its economic and social dimensions. In this study, a mixed-methods approach was employed to comprehensively examine the economic, social, and ethical impacts of money laundering. This methodology, which integrates both quantitative and qualitative techniques, enabled the achievement of results supported by numerical data while also allowing for an in-depth analysis of the subject. On the quantitative side, up-to-date statistical data published by the Financial Crimes Investigation Board (MASAK) were utilized. Variables such as the number of transactions, reports, suspicious activity notifications, and implemented measures were analyzed to objectively reveal the economic dimension of money laundering and its effects on the financial system. On the qualitative side, the study explored the impact of money laundering on social structure, moral values, public trust, and the sense of justice. A literature review was conducted, and interpretive analyses were performed based on academic publications, legal regulations, and institutional reports. This approach emphasized that money laundering is not only an economic v issue but also a serious threat to social cohesion. Consequently, the mixed-methods approach allowed for the collection of measurable data alongside a thorough evaluation of social and ethical effects.