Determination of the physical properties of wool fibers obtained from some sheep breeds in Turkey and Kazakhstan and its application in felt design

The main purpose of this research is to determine some physical and morphological properties of wool fibers of Türkiye and Kazakhstan some sheep, to measure the thermal conductivity of felt surfaces obtained from these wools, and to apply the felt surfaces in textile design. Experimental methods with descriptive and laboratory observations and quantitative approaches were used in this study. In the scope of the research, a literature review was conducted to ground and guide the subject with the scanning model of the descriptive method, which is the first stage of the research. In the second stage, fleece samples of 8 breeds, 4 breeds each from Türkiye and Kazakhstan, were collected and laboratory observation model was used to determine some physical and morphological properties of wool fiber. The physical properties of wool fibers as fiber fineness, length, fiber curvature, comfort factor, breaking strength and the number of flakes of the fiber as morphological properties are emphasized. The experimental research model was used to measure the thermal conductivity of the felt surfaces obtained from the fleece of 8 breeds included in the research. Spearman Brown row difference correlation coefficient (Spearman rho, rs) calculation method was used to calculate the relationship between some physical properties of wool and thermal conductivity of felt surfaces. As a result of the research, the finest wool fiber (19,4 microns) is in the Kazakh merino, the coarsest wool fiber (27,9 microns) is in the Akkaraman; the longest fiber on average (85,3 mm) is in the Kazakh merino, and the shortest (44,3 mm) is in the Akkaraman breed; the highest fiber crimp (86,1°/mm) is in the Merino argali, the smallest (42,7°/mm) is in the curly hybrid Akkaraman; The highest coefficient of comfort (99,1%) is in the Kazakh merino, and the lowest (67,8%) is in the Akkaraman breed; The highest strength (10,38 km) is in the South Kazakh merino, the smallest (7,79 km) is in the Akkaraman breed, the maximum number of scales in 100 microns (32,3) in the South Kazakh merino, the smallest is in (20) argali merino. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of felt surfaces is the highest (0,02746 W/mK) isin the Akkaraman breed; the lowest (0,02609 W/mK) was found in the Karajabey Merino. When calculating the Spearman correlation coefficient between the physical properties of wool and the thermal conductivity of felt surfaces, the highest and (0,5) "moderately positive" correlation was found between the strength of the fiber and the thermal conductivity of felt surfaces. In addition, the dispersion explained by the fiber strength factor and the thermal conductivity of the felt surfaces was determined to be 25%. In the application part of this study, a collection of felt surfaces with syrmak technique, arranged in the context of basic design elements and principles, was designed.