Türkiye ve Mısır'da sivil asker ilişkileri

This thesis compares the evolution of civil military relations in Egypt and Turkey from a historical perspective. The cases involve several common features but remain a study of contrast. Particularly, this study is prompted by military interventions of 1952 in Egypt and 1960 in Turkey where political roles of the militaries seemed the most similar. However, parallel patterns of civil military relations produced different results. Egyptian military remained in control of political life whereas in Turkey the military returned political power to elected civilians and increased its control over politics at the same time. This thesis studies the reasons for the establishment of ruler regime in Egypt and guardianship regime in Turkey in the interventions of 1952 and 1960 respectively.While political role of Egyptian military has become less apparent in the following decades, three more interventions took place in Turkey. Such uneven pattern of civil military relations in both countries defies simplistic explanations. In order to understand the complex and multidimensional nature of military involvement in politics, modernization and professionalization of national armies, historical legacies, political regimes and international conditions with regard to Egyptian and Turkish civil military relations will be examined. While incorporation of various approaches to civil military relations enables different interpretations, the comparative approach facilitates testing some propositions in the literature.