Investigation of the effect of three different dual cure self adhesive resin cements polymerized by light or self on cell viability

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the potential cytotoxic effects of three different dual cure self adhesive resin cements polymerized by light or self on L929 cells in vitro by using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium-bromid (MTT) test. Method: Three different dual cure self adhesive resin cements [Theracem (Bisco Inc., USA), Speedcem Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Liechtenstein) and Calibra Universal (Dentsply Sirona, USA)] are polymerized with light source or self activation in teflon molds containing 5 mm diameter and 2 mm thick cells in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. The samples were incubated in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) for 48 hours and their extracts were obtained. 100% concentration of the extract was diluted and extracts at 66,7%, 44,4%, 29,6% and 19,8% concentrations were obtained. Sample extracts at five different concentrations were incubated with L929 (American Type Culture Collection [ATCC], USA) mouse fibroblast cells in 96-well tissue culture plates under 37 ° C and 5% CO2 for 24, 48 and 72 hours. At the end of the incubation period, the effects of the materials on cell viability were evaluated with the MTT test. The SPSS 25.0 (SPSS Inc., USA) analysis program was used for the statistical analysis of the data. Results: All tested cement samples significantly reduced cell viability. Cell viability decreased with increasing concentration and incubation time in all samples tested. The light-cured Speedcem Plus showed the least cytotoxicity regardless of concentration and incubation time, followed by Theracem. However, self-cured Calibra Universal significantly reduced cell viability. Cell viability rate of all light polymerized cements is considerably higher than chemically polymerized cements (p<0,05). Conclusion: All the tested self-adhesive resin cements caused a significant reduction in viability of L929 cells. The composition of the self-adhesive resin cement and the activation type of polymerization are effective on its cytotoxicity. Keywords: Self adhesive resin cement, cell culture, MTT, cytotoxicity