Public expenditures in framework of national innovation and R&D policies: Turkey-OECD countries in comparison

The importance of national innovation and R&D activities which are accepted as the key element of economic development and growth and provide competitive advantage in international markets, is increasing day by day in terms of economic units in both private and public sectors. The policies applied for these fields of activity, which are handled by many economic approaches, and the yields obtained from these political initiatives show a different development in each country. As a matter of fact, many actors where the public is mainly the guiding factor, are assigned roles to increase activities by economic thinkers in the national innovation and R&D activities. In this context, the existence of many factors affecting the relevant fields of activity and policy initiatives necessitates the public's intervention with policy tools in expanding the fields of activity in this direction and increasing the performance. Since innovation and R&D activities, which are carried out mainly by the private sector compared to the public, have developed in line with its financing capacity, the participation of the public in the related fields of activity comes to the forefront with its policy practices. The purpose of this study, national innovation and R & D in terms of public expenditure policies for its activities by examining the views and practices of Turkey and OECD countries is to develop recommendations regarding these areas of activity in line with comparative analysis.