The evaluation of p16, p27, cyclin D1 and BCL-2 ekspressions in intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive squamous cell carcinoma of uterin cervix

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer worlwide after mammarian cancer. The most important agent in cervical carcinogenesis is especially high-risk types of Human Papilloma Virus. The gold standart in the evaluation of cervical biopsies is morphological examination. Immunological markers are needed to eliminate the disagreements between pathologists seen in the evaluation of cervical biopsies.With this purpose, we applied the p16, p27, cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 immunohistochemical markers on 20 cases diagnosed as LSIL, 16 cases diagnosed as HSIL, and 20 cases diagnosed as SCC. We used 20 non-neoplastic cervical biopsies as control group.As a significant difference was seen between the p16, p27, and Bcl-2 staining distributions of cervical neoplasias and those of squamous cell carcinomas on the statistically evaluation done with chi-square test, this difference was not seen in cyclin D1 staining. With Mann-Whitney U test, a statistically significant difference was seen in the p16 and p27 expressions of LSIL, HSIL and SCC groups compared to non-neoplastic ones. When we examined the relation between p16, p27, cyclin D1, and Bcl-2 with a comparison test of four variables, a significant difference was seen in all group. When, in the cases with LSIL, a significant difference was seen a significant between all the markers, in the comparison test of two variables which was done to learn the relation between the immunohistochemical markers, in the cases with HSIL cyclin D1-p16, cyclin D1-p27, Bcl-2-p16, p16-p27 and with in the cases SCC p27-p16, p16- Bcl-2, cyclin D1-p27, cyclin D1-p16, cyclin D1-Bcl-2 was not seen a significant between the immunohistochemical markers.According to our resuts, p16 and p27 immunohistochemical markers may assist in the differential diagnosis. p16 may assist between LSIL and non-neoplastic cervix in the differential diagnosis especially and p27 can be used as a prognostic marker. The results obtained with cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 immunohistochemical markers may not assist in the differential diagnosis and these two markers might have prognostic parameter.