Determining the relationship between circadian rhythm, dietary ınflammatory ındex, sleep quality and nutritional status in shift workers

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between circadian rhythm, dietary inflammatory index (DII), sleep quality and nutritional status of adult male individuals working in shift and fixed hours. A total of 52 individuals were included in the study, who worked in a factory operating in the field of defense industry, working on a fixed schedule (26 individuals) and working on a shift schedule (26 individuals). A questionnaire form was used to evaluate the socio-demographic characteristics, general health information, dietary habits and sleep habits of the individuals. Anthropometric measurements were taken by the researcher, body composition were determined and biochemical findings were evaluated. Three-day food consumption records were taken to evaluate individuals' daily dietary energy and nutrient intakes and DII scores. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to evaluate individuals' physical activity levels, the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate their sleep quality, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale was used to evaluate daytime sleepiness levels, and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) was used to determine chronotypes. The average age of the individuals participating in the study was 35.8±6.94 years. It was determined that individuals working on a fixed schedule were more physically active than individuals working on a shift schedule (p<0.05). It was found that serum LDL cholesterol levels of shift workers were higher (≥130 mg/dL) than those of fixed shift workers. The incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) was significantly higher in shift workers than in fixed shift workers (p=0.042). Among the individuals who worked in fixed shifts, 3.8% were evening chronotypes and 34.6% were morning chronotypes, while 7.7% were evening chronotypes and 19.2% were morning chronotypes (p>0.05). It was determined that the total PSQI score of individuals varied between 1.0-17.0 and the average PSQI score was 5.3±3.17. It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between PSQI score averages according to the working order (p>0.05). Sleep quality worsened with increasing age in individuals working in shift work (p=0.035). Shift working status of individuals; It was concluded that shift work status was effective on dietary habits, physical activity status, sleep quality, biochemical parameters and presence of MetS. It was determined that diastolic blood pressure values of individuals with poor sleep quality were higher than those with good sleep quality in individuals who worked in fixed shifts. It was determined that the diastolic blood pressure values of individuals working in a fixed pattern showed a significant difference according to sleep quality (p=0.049). Individuals participating in the study were divided into four quartiles according to their DII scores. It was determined that the DII score of individuals varied between -5.3 and 3.9 and the average DII score was 0.0±2.05. No statistically significant difference was found between the DII scores of the individuals according to their work patterns (p>0.05).A statistically significant and positive correlation was found between PSQI and DII (r=0.278; p<0.05). Anti-inflammatory nutrition programs that target changes that threaten the health of shift workers should be planned, and individuals should be encouraged to engage in adequate physical activity and get sufficient sleep time.