Determination of phytochemical properties of grapes belonging to wild grape (Vitis vinifera ssp. silvestris)genotypes

This research, was conducted to determine the phytochemical properties of 8 wild vine genotypes (E2, K1, L7, M1, M2, M5, M6, P1) in the protected wild vine (Vitis vinifera ssp. silvestris) parcel in the viticulture research and application area of Dicle University Faculty of Agriculture, horticulture department, collected from Diyarbakır, Elazığ and Siirt provinces. In addition, physical (grain width and length, cluster width and length) and characteristics (Total soluble solids-TSS), pH and TA (titratable acidity (g/l) were studied in wild grape genotypes. In the DPPH method, the highest antioxidant activity was found as 573.78 µg/ml in the seed sample the M6 wild grape genotype. In the CUPRAC method, high antioxidant activity was found in the kernel extract belonging to the E2 wild vine genotype with 65.9531 µg/ml. Considering all these results, in general, higher antioxidant activity was determined in the extract samples of the seeds compared to the extract samples of the fruit pulp. Within the scope of this study, AChE and BChE (galantamine equivalent) enzymes were analyzed, but enzyme activities were not realized in the studied genotypes. Urease enzyme activity was analyzed in order to examine the inhibition effect on urease enzyme in fruit (pulp and skin) and seed extracts of wild vine grape genotypes. Urease enzyme inhibition activity analysis was performed by taking thiourea equivalent and urease enzyme inhibition effect was not realized in wild grape genotypes studied. Elastase and collagenase enzyme inhibition activity was analyzed by taking epicatechin gallate equivalent. According to the findings, the highest collagenase enzyme inhibition activity was obtained from the fruit (bark and fruit pulp) extract of the P1 wild vine genotype with 21.34 µg/ml. This study contributes to the history, cultural policies and literature of grapevine in the Southeastern Anatolia Region; The benefits of grapes are utilized in areas such as health, pharmacology and cosmetics, and studies on the use of wild genotypes as genetic resources in breeding studies in viticulture are encouraged and carried out in order to expand the regime of strong hereditary combination of wild vines and their transfer to subsequent production. There have not been any previous studies on the antioxidant capacities, phenolic compounds and enzyme activities of wild vine genotypes in this region. For this reason, this study is of great importance in terms of being the first.