Public incentives for renewable energy technologies

Energy, an integral part of human life, is used in every aspect of our daily lives. In the past, renewable energy has been used for grinding food and heating. When renewable energy sources could not meet the increasing energy demand, people turned to fossil energy sources. Limited reserves of these resources, energy supply security problems, global warming, climate change, oil crises, etc. it has increased interest in renewable energy since the early 1990s. Renewable energy resources are inexhaustible, domestic and environmentally sensitive, which has increased interest in these resources. However, obstacles such as high initial investment costs have made the intervention of the public sector inevitable. The purpose of the study, obstacles to the development of renewable energy technologies using the literature conditions put forth, in IEA member countries and Turkey to eliminate these barriers non-tax and tax incentive mechanisms that apply to renewable energy technologies in a comprehensive manner and to provide recommendations for widespread use of renewable energy in Turkey. IEA member countries are considered in the study, since the incentives and investments for renewable energy were first implemented by IEA member European countries and the USA and Agency member China became the leader country in renewable energy. It is seen that there are many obstacles in front of the development of renewable energy technologies and the public sector supports the private sector by using various mechanisms in overcoming these obstacles. Also, the basic incentive mechanisms for renewable energy technologies in Turkey that fixed price guarantee and concluded that there is insufficient time to which the incentive mechanism. For the incentives to be effective, long-term and stable implementation, extension of the fixed price guarantee and a direct tax incentive for renewable energy have been proposed.