Investigation of molecular characterization and phenotypic properties of local bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes

New gene sources are needed to meet the increasing demand of wheat, which is one of main food sources the world's. At the same time this study is also important in terms of increasing the narrowing genetic diversity. For this reason, plant breeders have focused on local and wild genotypes to create a large gene pool. This study was conducted to determine phenotypic properties and molecular characterization of local bread wheat genotypes. Plant height (65.93-117.75 cm), number of tiller in the plant (2.25-16 units), number of spikelets in main spike (16.25-22.75 units), grain weight in main spike (0.56-1.57 g), number of seed per plant (66.50-213.25 units), grain number per spike (20-56 units), plant grain yield (2.72-4.58 g), root dry weight (0.68-1.85 g), above-ground plant dry weight (8.81-21.13 g), harvest index (20.86%) 35.51), root / soil dry weight ratio (0.06-0.11) and flag leaf area (10.55-62.25 cm²) were measured and a wide variation was found between genotypes. 14 units SSR primers were used for molecular characterization. A total of 45 bands were obtained. 37 of these bands showed polymorphic properties. Average of band per primer was 3.21. The most polymorphic was Xwmc332 primer and it gives 5 bands. The polymorphic information content was between 0.36-0.83. Jaccard similarity index determined by using SSR markers ranged from 25.8% to 87.5% among local bread wheat genotypes. According to the dendogram made in Bayes statistics, genotype is divided into two main groups. There was 89% difference between these two main groups. In this study, it was found that local bread wheat genotypes have a wide variety for investigated traits. Microsatellite markers can be used to determine genotypic variation.