The examination of the 20th century musical works and its application in piano training within the framework of the instructors' views

This research aims to determine the current application state of the twentieth century piano music repertoire used in piano lessons in the Music Teaching Department of Education Faculties and to identify the most effective application form of the repertoire for education. A systematic repertoire of Baroque, Classical and Romantic works is used in piano education. However, twentieth-century piano music works have different technical and musical difficulties compared to the works of the other periods, they do not have a regular characteristic in general, there are few composers who composed educational works in this period and cultural structure plays a role in the tendencies towards listening and playing music of this period. Because of these reasons, it is noted that twentieth century music works cause application difficulties in piano education. In this research, semi structured interview technique, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. The collected data is evaluated with descriptive analysis and content analysis techniques. The sample of the study consists of eighteen faculty members working in the Music Teaching Departments of four universities in the Aegean Region of Turkey. As a result of the evaluations of the data, it is determined that the issues considered by the instructors in the application of the twentieth century works in the repertoire of piano education are specifically technical structure of the works, composer, student level, student interest and taste, musical genre and the difficulty level of the works. For the reasons that twentieth century music works have many technical and musical difficulties such as composing techniques, musical form, pedal usage, sonority, these works are mostly applied at the 3rd and 4th grade levels. While forming a repertoire of piano education, it is revealed that the instructors determine the works of the twentieth century music according to composers rather than the genres. In addition, it is understood that the works of contemporary Turkish composers are preferred more often than the other twentieth century composers. With the role of cultural and environmental factors Russian, French, Eastern European, Azerbaijani, Jazz-blues and contemporary composers are the ones chosen after contemporary Turkish composers, and in parallel to this, it is found that Nationalism and Impressionism are the most preferred genres among the twentieth century music genres. On the other hand, it is understood that not every genre in the twentieth century is suitable for using in piano education. Suggestions are presented in line with the results obtained.