Risk analysis of ship collisions in congested waterways

Due to the growing demand for maritime transportation in the globalized world, the density of ship traffic in the congested waterways connecting major economic districts is steadily increasing. Collisions occurring in congested waterways might result in significant consequences. The objective of this study is to enhance safety in congested waterways by conducting a risk analysis of ship collision accidents. To conduct risk analysis in the study, we analyzed the existing literature and past accident reports and revealed the root causes with the assistance of expert opinions. The probabilities of root causes related to human error were determined using the Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM), whereas the probabilities of other root causes were determined using Fuzzy Logic. Subsequently, a risk assessment was conducted utilizing the Fault Tree Analysis method. It has been determined that distraction and mental overload are the primary factors contributing to collision accidents in congested waterways.