The identification and evaluation of the hadiths which on the surface indicate that a sinful believer has lost his faith

This study aims to accurately understand the hadiths narrated from the Prophet Muhammad, which, in their literal sense, suggest that a believer has left the faith and will be treated as a non-Muslim in the Hereafter. The study begins by introducing the topic within the framework of methods and consulted sources. To address the hadiths from a more accurate perspective, related Quranic verses were first analyzed, and the context in which these verses were understood within a similar style was explained. Since the topic has been a subject of theological debates throughout history, the views of different Islamic sects were also included, providing a broader perspective on the issue. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the Prophet Muhammad's manner of expression and the nature of this style, aiming to better comprehend the messages conveyed in the hadiths. The translations and isnad analyses of the selected hadiths from the determined sources were conducted, examining their degrees of authenticity and providing a detailed explanation of how they were interpreted in renowned commentaries. The research reveals that the Prophet Muhammad adopted the style of tarhib in such hadiths and highlights that these statements should be interpreted according to their context. Otherwise, misunderstanding this style may lead to various interpretive errors. In this regard, accurately understanding and interpreting the hadiths is only possible through a comprehensive examination of the Prophet Muhammad's manner of expression.