Theses supervised by Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Hidayet Zertürk
16 theses · Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi
Şer'î ve Mer'î hukukta kadın hakları
Bu çalışmamızda tarihsel süreçte ve dinlerde kadınlara verilen haklar ile Mer'i hukukunun kadınlara verdiği haklar incelenecektir. Tarihsel süreç içerisinde kadının ruhunun var olup olmadığını tartışılmışken İslam dini kadına temel hak ve hürriyetlerini vermiştir. Günümüzde özellikle Batı toplumlarında kadın aleyhtarı gelenek ve görenekler İslam dininin bir parçası olarak gösterilmektedir. Halbuki Kur'an-ı Kerim'in 14 asır önce kadına verdiği haklar ile günümüzdeki var olan hukuk sisteminin kadına verdiği haklar aynı doğrultuda gitmektedir. Bu çalışma ile İslam Hukuku ve Mer'i hukukun kadına verdiği haklar karşılaştırılacak ve kadınlara İslam gelinceye kadar verilmemiş olan hakların tahsis edildiği ispatlanacaktır.
التصوير البياني في صحيح ابن حِبّان ـ المجلد الأول دراسة تحليلية
This study examines the description of the declaration in Sahih Ibn Hibban - Volume I. The importance of this thesis is that it reveals the eloquence of the prophet Mohammed. When the Prophet was sent to his people, they gave importance to rhetoric and explanation. The eloquence of the Prophet played a major role in inviting people to Islam and in guiding them. Declarative science is one of the Arabic rhetoric sciences and is effective in conveying the desired meaning by using declarative methods. It also leaves a great impression on the listeners. The research consists of a preface and an introduction and additionally four parts. The researcher mentioned the working methods and the plan he followed in the introduction. In the preface, he discussed the importance of the description of the declaration. In the first chapter, description and statement are defined and Ibn Habban's private life and scientific life are discussed. In the second part, the concept of simile (definition, parts and its role in Arabic rhetoric) was examined. In addition, similes were examined in Sahih Ibn Habban. In the third part, istiara (its definition, parts and its role in Arabic rhetoric) is examined. The references in Sahih Ibn Habban are included. In the fourth chapter, allusion (definition, parts and its role in Arabic rhetoric) is analyzed and allusions in Sahih Ibn Habban are included. The remainder of the study includes the conclusion, conclusion, recommendations, research resources and references. Keywords: Description of statement, simile, metaphor, Allusion, Sahih Ibn Habban
الأمل واليأس في شعر وليد الأعظمي دراسة تحليلية
This current research titled "Hope and desperation in Waleed Al-Azami poems – Analytical study" dwells on the selectivity of duality, because the contrasting diodes describe the nature of the time period in which the poet lived and it explains he was affected by internal and external problems, political and economic and social instability. The poet's repertoire included the best types of poetry. His poetry had an Islamic, invitational and reformist content, which stemmed from a fervent and sincere passion. The poet is distinguished by his long breath in his poems as a result of his tendency to approach the ancients. His poetry is distinguished by its ease and clarity, the attentiveness of meanings, the subtlety of his style, the magnificence and abundance of the word, and the absence of artifice, ambiguity and pretentiousness, and the absence of the pursuit of winged imagination. The study consists of an introduction, a preface and three chapters. The preface includes the translation of the poet and the explanation of his methodology, and the first part includes the artistic study of his poetry. In the second part, there is hope, praise, pride and euphoria in the poetry. In the third part, there is despair, satire, complaint and calamity in the poetry. The researcher has concluded his research with a conclusion, findings, and sources and references.
شعر عمر بن ابي ربيعة دراسة بلاغية أسلوب التشبية والاستعارة انموذجاً
Omar bin Abi Rabia is considered one of the most important poets of his time. Our poet emerged in a state of luxury, which helped him to say a lot of poetry, so he did not pay attention to anything other than his adventures in poetry. He lived through some of the strife that swept the Islamic society, such as the strife of the Kharijites in the eras of the Caliphs, the strife of the Caliphate, and the transfer of the Caliphate from AlHasan to Muawiyah, may God be pleased with them both. However, our poet was not affected fro different was that poetry his in path a followed rather but ,temptations these all by m all the sons of his time; he took frank flirt as his path in most of his poetry. He devoted all of his poetry to flirting and mentioning women and endearing to them, but he always mentioned women's love for him, and he exaggerated his desire for them and the clear and important most the took poet our, methods rhetorical the In. him of pursuit ir paths, so he transformed his poetic image to serve the purpose of flirt with women, mentioned adventure, and turned some poems to underline that state of flirtation. This work sheds light on the rhetorical and statement image of Omar Ibn Abi Rabia in his Diwan, which is one of the most important poetic collections written in the two eras: the era of the Caliphs and the Umayyad era. That is because he distinguished himself from the people of his time by mentioning explicit flirtation, and tha, especially in the elements of simile and metaphor.اHe was well inspired by most of the pictures he presented f the on light shed he and ,times other at imaginations from and sometimes heritage rom painful incidents from which our poet was inspired by his poetic image, and he mentioned through those adventures he narrates, and through his pride in himself and his bea has he and, him of love their mentioned and, women of pursuit the mentioned and, uty some scattered images in simile and metaphor, which he excelled in; the careful looker. Study of worthy are that images poetic of number large a find will Diwan his in Keywords: Ibn Abi Rabia, rhetorical study, simile style, metaphor style.
ح مَّدمُ فسير القرآن لشمس الدينبن عبد الرحمن أبو حامدالشهيربالمصريالمقدسي الشافعي،المتوفي سنة398همن أول سورة الفتح إلى نهاية سورةًالطور دراسةًوتحقيقا
The subject of the study is investigation of the manuscript "Tefsir of the Qur'an", by Abu Hamid Shams al-Din Muhammad al-Masri al-Shafi'i (d.: 893 AH), from "the beginning of Surat al-Fath to the end of Surat al-Tur". This interpretation has several characteristics and a scientific value that prompted me to study it, such as: the diversity of methods adopted by Al-Shamas Al-Masry in his interpretation, in which he combined interpretation by maxim, opinion, and indicative interpretation. As he was interested in the expressions and the statement of the multiplicity of readings, relying on the books of interpretation with the opinion. He also touched on a number of jurisprudential and doctrinal issues in a nutshell, as his interpretation included the sayings of the, companions followers and their followers to clarify the opinions, and inferred the correct prophetic hadiths to strengthen and support them, and his book came comprehensive of sciences such as hadith, jurisprudence, belief and language; Evidence for his extensive knowledge, just as the author was narrating the opinions of the scholars of interpretation and language, such as Al-Qurtubi and Al-Baidawi, and he does not attribute to them; This is what is blamed on him, but does not diminish the importance of his interpretation. The author was distinguished by his sobriety, his smoothness, his distance from complexity and ambiguity in presenting issues, and his touching on many useful sciences and books. What made him a rich subject for study. The researcher divided this study into two parts, the first is the study section, in which he followed the historical descriptive approach, where he was introduced to the author and his book, and the second is the investigation section, where he took care of writing the text according to the spelling drawing, proving the differences between copies, and Attributing sayings and effects. Then closing with the results, scientific indexes and biography
مختصر مما ليس في الروضة والمنهاج، لعبد الملك بن علي بن أبي المنى البابي الحلبي (كتاب الطهارة) دراسة وتحقيقاً
This research deals with a manuscript by Abd al-Malik bin Ali bin Abi al- Muna al-Babi al-Halabi, and it included the study and investigation of the book Purification, in which the author intends to collect rulings related to this section, so he stands on the rulings of the Shafi'i school of jurisprudence, to clarify their legal aspects, and he may correspond in some of its branches between rulings The Shafi'i school and what was mentioned by all the imams of the jurists, relying on textual rulings, or mental evidence, and Al-Halabi spoke about purity, and detailed the saying in its foundations, conditions and ramifications, and related to it from the chapters of tayammum, ablution, induction, wiping over the socks or splint, menstruation, Based on the sources of Shafi'i jurisprudence. Hence, this manuscript took care of an important part of the Shafi'i jurisprudence, and clarified the related provisions, conditions, and ramifications. Intellectual and other transmission, it was what deserves investigation, after it was overlooked by studies, and the pens of investigators, and it was what highlighted a good culture associated with the encyclopedic sciences witnessed in the ninth and tenth centuries AH. Keywords: alfiqh alshaafieii, alrawdat walminhaji, albabi alhalbi, kitab altaharati, alwudu'u
الْمُفَارَقَة اللفظية فِي وَصَايَا الإمام علي عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُشَرْحِ ابْنِ أَبِي حَدِيد (ت.656هـ): دراسة أسلوبية
This thesis tended to study and analyze the linguistic style of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (d. 40 AH) in his commandments from the book Nahj al-Balaghah, which was explained by Ibn Abi al-Hadid (d. 656 AH), With the aim of studying the verbal and semantic paradox in his highly organized speech, and analyzing his commandments to show the elements of paradox, its types, and its function in serving the meaning, where the verbal paradox is a verbal style that pleases the listener or the reader, and raises his surprise for the interpretation of the text, and the realization of the difference between the apparent and the hidden meaning of it, In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher followed the historical descriptive approach when returning to the biography of the commentator Ibn Abi Al-Hadid, and the history of the emergence of the term paradox. The analytical approach to distinguish and describe all kinds of paradox in the words of Imam Ali, PBUH. The study reached the following conclustions: That the verbal paradox and the paradox of the situation is a linguistic and stylistic phenomenon that is abundantly present in the commandments of Imam Ali, PBUH, and that it played a strong functional role in influencing the recipient and surprising him. His commandments served the meanings contained in the Qur'an and the Hadith, and expressed his philosophical view of man's relationship with his Lord, his fellow man, and the universe. In order to understand the texts of the imam, it is necessary to transcend the apparent meaning of the text to its deep semantic level, because of the unique rhetoric and linguistic capabilities that the text has with beauty and accuracy. Among the most prominent of what was stated in the commandments of Imam Ali is the support of the opposition with the situational paradox in a way that gave a strong influence on the recipient, and that this study reflected the clear impact that the meaning relationships involve in terms of synonymy and antagonism, and generalization and detail, and others in giving the text a semantic strength, in which Imam Ali, PBUH, excelled that can be considered him a high-class paradox maker.
القَاضِي الفاضل عبد الرَّحيم البَيْسَاني أَدِيباً
This dissertation entitled (The Honorable Judge Abd al-Rahim al-Bisani) dealt with the talk about the era of Salah al-Din، which leads us to talk about a personality that imposed itself in this era full of wars for Muslims، namely، the personality of the virtuous judge who was characterized by a lot of creativity، especially in the literary aspect، which appeared in Saladin era until he became the writer of the Office of Creation and Minister of Salahuddin; Where his literary works، whether at the level of poetry، prose or criticism، met with a lot of acceptance among the writers and writers of the era، and those who imitated the style of the virtuous judge because of its beauty and creativity، and even trained him in the world of literature and criticism that made him a style of his own known to scholars of literature، and everyone who reads Arab culture، both modern and ancient، whether in the field of poetry، prose or criticism، which makes us say that al-Qadi al-Fadil، if the expression is correct، is the owner of a school in the field of literature that has its own students and its own style that imposed itself in the era of Saladin among poets، writers and critics، which imposed We have to explain this role played by the virtuous judge in the cultural movement in this era so that we know who the virtuous judge is? What role did he participate in in the literary life of this era? And the features that distinguished him and his literary، critical and new style that he added to Arab culture at this time، and even his criticism of many literary works For the ancients and the modernists، here the letter shows his literary and critical style and the features that distinguished this literary and critical style، and even poetic and critical models from his collection، and also from his letters showing the method of his literary style and examples of his criticism of the moderns and the ancients showing his method of criticism. His style and criticism is based on many poetic and prose works in his time، and even in other than his era، from the ancients to explain what he has and what he has with some clarification and objectivity in the field of literature and criticism of all kinds. For the ancients and the modernists، but the letter also dealt with the criticism of the modern and ancient critics of him in his poetic and prose works، and in his criticism of many literary works of the moderns and the ancients Keywords: Author, Literature, Arabic, Al-Bisani, Al-Rahim
مروايت بشـر بن معاذ البصري فـي جامع البيان ً عن أتويل آي القرآن فـي
Interpretation by tradition is one of the most important methods of interpretation, and the best of them, as stated by the scholars, and the "Jami Al- Bayan Fi Ay Al- Qur'an" by Imam Muhammad bin Jarir al-Tabari belongs to this approach. In this interpretation, the narrations of Bishr bin Moaz Al-Basri were mentioned, which contained a great wealth of: the meanings of the Qur'an, hadiths, and narrations related to interpretation, with a high chain of narrators whose men are trustworthy. The importance of the study comes from the value of al-Tabari's book, the status and scientific excellence of its author, and the fact that it included many narrations of the followers, including: Bishr bin Mu'adh al-Basri (d. 245 AH). The study tended to collect his narrations, extrapolate them, and highlight the differences between them and other narrations, influencing their exegetical interpretations on which al-Tabari's Jami was based, in his interpretation of al-Nisa' and al-Ma'idah Suras. In this study, the researcher took the steps of the inductive and analytical approach by tracking his narratives in Al-Tabari Mosque, revealing their impact on his explanatory interpretations, and relying on the critical approach to judge the narratives, and verify their validity and weakness. The study concluded a number of results: Bishr bin Mu'adh was one of the prominent scholars in various sciences, such as interpretation, hadith and language, and that he was positively affected by the era in which he lived, when there was a lot of doctrinal differences and sectarian pluralism in Iraq at that time, but he defended the doctrine of Ahl al-Sunnah wal- Jama'ah, and argued with their opponents. Al-Tabari was distinguished by the narrations of Bishr bin Muadh from other commentators. His narrations were in Al- Nisa Sura (127), the correct ones (12), the good ones (64), and the Mursal ones with
جالب السرور وسالب الغرور للإمام محمد بن علي، محي الدين القراباغي (ت 942ه) دراسة وتحقيقاً
The manuscript dealt with literary articles in which he talked about the knowledge of God Almighty, and about the social ills that exist in any society, and he also praised the righteous and scholars, and morals and virtues, such as generosity, generosity, good manners, and so on, in addition to science and its virtues and status, judiciary and wisdom, Other than that, all of these articles, with their titles and criticism, were clothed by the author in the dress of refined language and lofty words, and he made the Qur'an, the hadith of the Prophet, and the proverbs of the Arabs and their customs a means to reach what he wanted, and his interest in including the Qur'an and Arabic proverbs was more than anything else. It was also clear the author's interest in the languages of the Arabs, their methods, the Arab and the foreigner, and the manuscript carries with it the same early scholars, the people of literature, and their method in articles that make the reader live in a state of pleasure. As for my work, I made a study on the author, and then presented the manuscript, its name and documented attribution to the author and its sources, then described the copy, my methodology in the work, and pictures of the manuscript. On the verification of the text, from setting the verses in the Ottoman form, attributing each verse to the surah and the verse in which it was mentioned, attributing every hadith that was mentioned to the books of hadith, and translating every science that needs translation, and seizing poetic verses and attributing them to their speaker, and attributing each saying to its speaker in the book in which it was mentioned. That saying. Keywords: Literature, articles, lectures, Al-Qarabaghi, Muhyiddin
تجليات الانا والاخر في شعر يحيى السماوي
This thesis aimed at researching the problem of the relationship between the ego and the other, as it was manifested in the poetry of the contemporary Iraqi poet Yahya Al-Samawi. Studying the situations that link the ego to the other in his poetry in all its forms and images, and standing on the poetic text to reveal its implications and hidden connotations that reveal the suffering of the ego and her pains, and her constant aspiration to harmony with the other. The importance of the study comes from the importance of the heavenly poet, as he possesses a rich poetic experience for study and criticism, and his style is distinguished by the beauty of the phrase, the accuracy of the reference, and that he is one of the poets of alienation who were loyal to their identity, as well as the fact that the focus of the study is one of the topics in which multiple sciences share: such as psychology, philosophy, sociology. And that this study deals with a contemporary poetic experience that may benefit poets, scholars, and those interested in modern Arabic poetry. This study followed the descriptive analytical approach, by describing his literary life, his life philosophy, extrapolating his poetry and examining his collections. To study it critically with the aim of clarifying the phenomena of the ego and the other of the poet through his poetry. The conclusions of the study were as follows: The texts of the poet Yahya al-Samawi did not stand in their relationship with the other at the time of confrontation or contradiction, but rather it was a turbulent relationship attracted by the poetic ego, and in many texts the concept of the ego and the other transcended the relationship of parallel and antithesis to a neutral, unknown, more harmonious. The space also appeared clearly in his poetry, whether local places in Iraq, or Arab or Western places, and they formed the field in which his relationship with the other. In his narrative poems, he presented a model of striving towards identification with the other, and the search for commonalities, especially participation in the Arab identity, and in his relationship with the Western other, the intellectual, cultural, and civilizational conflict emerged. His speech to the occupied Western man came as a speech of contrast to the opposite, as he touched in his poetry on irony in order to add a new satirical tint, and linguistic shift to add surprise and shock to the recipient, and his language varied between classical and spoken in what could be called hybrid Arabic, and therefore his phrases were characterized by smoothness and ease of reception. The poet Al-Samawi truly represented the image of the unstable ego in its struggle with the other, and the circumstances of his life, the pain of the Iraqi war, and alienation from the homeland added to his poetry a lot of passion, distinction, and breadth, and made him truly one of the distinguished poets, and he has a clear imprint in contemporary Iraqi poetry.
التوظيف الفني للون في شعر أبي إسحاق إبراهيم بن يحيى بن عثمان الكلبي الغزي (441 – 523 هـ) دراسة تحليلية
Arabic literature is a source for researchers in all eras, and we need to take from this literature in our scientific studies, in order to achieve the desired results in a scientific and modern manner, and poetry is one of the most important human creative arts affecting the recipient, and the poet with his ability and intelligence attracts the recipient in the possibilities of his poetry with a creative and artistic touch, and when we look closely at our literary heritage and scrutinize it, we realize that researchers did not pay attention to many poets who have a great legacy in the field of Poetry such as Al-Ghazi Ibrahim bin Othman Al-Ashhabi (d. 524 AH), the owner of the Great Diwan, whose biography is still unknown and unknown to many researchers and scholars, and did not mention literature books only a few lines, knowing that he is one of the most important poets in the second Abbasid era, They sang his poetry, and his poems won the internal and external music in his poetry accuracy, clarity and the power of eloquence and eloquence, he needs a dictionary to decipher the meanings, and his poetry is characterized by the presence of man and woman and the presence of nature, and the emergence of the color phenomenon in his poetry, as well as his poetry was characterized by comprehensiveness and wide space in the description, and this is evidence of his movements and trips, and when you collect what the poet wrote, we find that his work is very limited, for lack of interest in his poetry, he is one of the creative poets , Say his counterpart in eloquence and eloquence, but it is submerged and not famous, so I decided to study the color in his poetry to be an attempt to seek to highlight this poet and his poetry, may motivate researchers and scholars to seek to highlight this poet from the space of neglect and forgetfulness to the space of light . Keywords: color, employment, poetry, Gaza
للشيخ حسين بن إسكندر الرومي (ت 1084ه) دراسة وتحقيق
This study deals with "Introduction to Jurisprudence and Doctrines" by Sheikh Hussein bin Iskandar Al-Roumi (d.: 1084 AH) as a study and investigation.The importance of this book comes from the fact that it contains the opinion applied in the Hanafi school of thought in matters of purity and prayer and related rulings such as wiping over the socks, travel rulings, and so on. Likewise, the book is devoid of deviant and weak opinions, just as the issues of the book are something that is frequently needed in the daily life of all people. In addition to the ease of the language of the book, and it appears that it is directed to the common people, or intended for children to memorize it. The researcher followed the historical descriptive approach when presenting the biographical and scientific biography of Sheikh Hussein bin Iskandar Al-Roumi, and the method of investigation and commentary in the investigated text when comparing copies and establishing their authenticity, referring jurisprudential sayings to their sources, and commenting on the issues presented in a short way that clarifies the meaning. The conclusions of the study were: The author did not dwell on mentioning the disagreement of the jurists except in a few issues, including what the two imams disagreed with Abu Hanifa in, and what Imam Abu Hanifa disagreed with Imam Shafi'i, in order to facilitate the reader, and he was not content with conveying the sayings, but rather he preferred what he saw as correct, and what was agreed upon. scholars group, He more than said: "And it is the choice of all the sheikhs," and he did not become fanatic for his Hanafi school of Jurisprudence, rather, he used to take from other schools of thought if evidence supported them, so he used to infer from the Shafi'i school of thought and cited the sayings of Imam Shafi'i to refer to their validity and work with them. It was not transmitted in the sense or in short from the jurisprudential sources, but rather it was transmitted by the text, and relied on the basic books of Hanafi jurisprudence, such as Al-Fiqh Al-Akbar, Multaqa Al-Abhar and others. It is also more than reasoning with weak hadiths, some of which have no basis. And his reliance on analogy is clearly evident in his book, and the author used the word "benefit" to point out the importance of the topic covered or to add something required by the context.
(فتاوى الشيخ خليفة السفطي للشيخ احمد عبد الجواد القاياتي الشافعي المصري -- دراسةً وتحقيًقا
İmam Ahmed İbn Abdülcevad el-Kayati's "Fetava eş-Şeyh Halife es-Sefti" is considered to be one of the most comprehensive books and compilations of Shafi'i Islamic jurisprudence. Namely, the author has used most of the books that were written before this work and raised objections to some of them. The author has discussed most of the Islamic jurisprudence issues. He expressed the opinion of his own teacher and relied on his sources, his methodology and the annotations in this context. At the same time, the author did not forget to present the views of the Hanafis on the issues he addressed. He wrote the issues according to the chapters of Shafi Islamic jurisprudence. Then he discussed the new things that emerged in his century such as coffee and cigarettes. In this study, we have tried to analyze the work in a scholarly way. We have researched on the author and his life. We have discussed his name, his lineage, his family, his teachers, his scientific life, and his attitudes in defense of his country. We have also briefly discussed the author's teacher, Caliph al-Safti. Then we discussed the copy we relied on, the name of the manuscript and the authenticity of its attribution to the author, and the author's sources. We also explained the methodology we adopted in this study. Finally, in the conclusion of the thesis, we stated the most important conclusions and recommendations we have reached.
المباحث البلاغيه في شرح ديوان المتنبي و الششتري
The study aims to reconsider the historical and scientific writings and analyze them as a continuous and renewed process over the ages and generations. The more complex the writing and the more distinguished the product's personality, the more researchers' interest in them. Among these men are the stallions Abu Al-Tayyib Al- Mutanabbi (303 AH - 354 AH); He occupied an excellent position in the literary heritage, and sparked a great controversy about his personality and poetry, prompting critics to address and research them from every side. Thus, Arabic literature has known countless attempts in quantity and quality to deal with Al-Mutanabbi's life and poetry. Likewise, it also aimed to get acquainted with Al-Shashtari's poetry and language, which was characterized by ease and simplicity and was in agreement with the Andalusian taste. This is appropriate to the nature of the meeting, and the diversity was between repetition and containment of pronouns, as well as between the elements of contradiction and derivation. all of which served to explain the goals of Sufism, expressed it and attracted its followers. He had a different scientific culture in many arts of language and literature, which earned him respect and appreciation, and a high position among researchers and critics, and it may be new for Al-Mutanabbi to rely a lot on construction methods as his favorite way to portray his emotions and feelings, his longing and pain, and his love and hate, Hence, the impact of his psychology and affection became more clear to us in his constructions, and the study recommended conducting a special research to study Al-Mutanabbi's experiment with language in order to highlight the impactful power of the image that is often intensified by a single word inside the house It also recommended thatscholars, especially critics, should pay attention to analyze the effectiveness of the images and language used by the poets Al-Mutanabi and Al-Shashtari.
التحليل الأدبي لديوان محمد بهجة الأثري.
Muhammad Bahchad al-Athari is a seasoned poet. who experienced multiple Iraqi governments since the establishment of the Iraqi state in 1921, until his death in 1996; He was also a contemporary of his childhood in the late days of the Ottoman Empire in Iraq; Where he was born in 1902. The poet excelled in his poetry, and formulated the finest types of poetry in his poetry, and the diversity of his poetry between Islamic religious poetry, patriotic poetry, and sentimental poetry that embodied the poet's condition, and the sorrows and worries that he experienced in his country, or what he struggles with, while he is in a dungeon. Arrested because of his opposition political views. The poet was distinguished by the length of himself in poetry, and his poetry was characterized by the generosity of the word, the luxury of expression, the paper of style, and the accuracy of the meaning, all of these qualities were characterized by the poetry of the poet Muhammad Bahchat Al-Athari. Al-Athari in his poetry of rhyme, weight, narration, or repetition, parallelism, and then after that the linguistic analysis that included morphology, grammar, and rhetoric by standing on the vocabulary and poetic weights; Which the poet pursued in writing his poems.