Theses supervised by Doç. Dr. Şevki Adem
69 theses · Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi
Level evaluaion of thyroid hormones and lipid profile in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iraq
This study was conducted to evaluated the thyroid hormones and lipid profile in people (males and females) with Diabetes mellitus type 2 and study some biochemical parameters. Results showed that the female with DM2 group significantly superior in age parameter as compared to the two other groups (control and male with DM2). The results revealed that there was a significant differences between the tested groups which indicated that RBC count of male with DM2 was higher than count of female with DM2, the male with DM2 recorded 4.88 cells / mcl as compared to 5.49 cells / mcl respectively, The women with DM2 significantly superior on the other group in mean of HbA1c which recorded 6.55 as compared to 4.39 in control group. The results indicated an essential difference between the three groups in mean of level of T3 and T4 hormone, male with DM2 significantly decreased in mean of T3 levels which recorded 68.03 ng/ dL as compared to 79.67 and 96.05 ng/ dL for women with DM2 and control group respectively.The results found that TSH hormone production as compared to healthy persons, the women with DM2 group significantly elevated the level of TSH in patients which recorded 4.00 mU/ L as compared to 2.20 mU/ L in healthy persons. The results pointed a significant differences in liver profile especially levels of GOT and GPT between two patients group (male and female with DM2) and healthy individuals group.
Evaluation of level thyroid hormones, thyroglobulin in obesity patients and its effect on the body
Obesity has been linked to the progression of hypothyroidism and increasing the consequences of this disorder. In this study, obesity and Hashimoto's disease (the common cause of hypothyroidism) has been investigated by measuring the thyroid hormones, Thyroglobulin antibody (anti Tg), and lipid profile in obese and lean people. Eighty obese people with Hashimoto's disease were included in this study and divided into two groups according to their (BMI) values; obese I which contained 40 obese people with BMI range 30-35 kg/m2, and obese II which contained 40 obese people with BMI range 35-42 kg/m2. The levels of TSH, and anti Tg were increased significantly in obese I and II compared to the control, with anti Tg level in the obese II higher significantly than obese I. The T4 level was significantly reduced in obese I and II compared to control, where it was significantly lower in obese II compared to obese I. T3 level was non-significant among the three groups. Moreover, the lipid profile variables were significantly changed in obese I and II patients compared to control. In conclusion, the increase of BMI in obese people cause significant shift in the anti Tg and T4 levels in hypothyroidism patients.
The association between seminal plasma lead levels and human sperm quality after in vitro sperm activation
The aim of this study is to investigate the seminal fluid analysis before and after sperm activation in vitro and evaluated the level of lead and ROS. The results the age range was 21 - 52 years while the age means recorded 32.84 years, whereas BMI range was 16.9 - 41.80 kg, BMI mean recorded 28.03 kg. The results of the effect of sperm activation/sperm concentration and total sperm motility showed that sperm activation techniques varied in their effect on sperm concentration and total sperm motility which lead to a significant decrement in the concentration of sperm after activation. Data showed significant differences in the mean of three tested parameters (sperm immotile, total progressive motility, and normal sperm motility), and the results revealed a significant increment in the mean of sperm immotile after sperm activation. Data of Pearson correlation showed that there is a positive correlation between sperm and lead level, this technique significantly decrements the non-progressive motility. Also, the results showed a significant decrement in the mean of total progressive motility which lead to a decrease in the mean from 61.50 sperm×106/mL in treatment before sperm activation to 49.97 sperm×106/mL in treatment after sperm activation, whereas results showed a significant elevation in the mean of normal sperm motility which recorded 55.79 sperm×106/mL in treatment after sperm activation as compared to 44.67 before sperm activation.
Evaluation of variations in blood and liver biochemical parameters in bodybuilders using creatine supplements
The clinical and demographic characteristics of thirty people who took creatini in IRQI gym were studied. Nutrition supplementation is more common in those under 35. Our research found no significant differences in age mean and SD in three groups (group 1=29.34±3.76, group 2=28.44±4.19), Chi sequre = 0.50, DF= 2, P= 0.77. Your study found a strong BMI association between obese and non-obese people. 26 out of 30 people were obese (86%) whereas 4 out of 30 had a normal BMI (14%). The serum creatnin levels of those who used creatine supplements were higher than usual (p0.01). (633±109.11) and (19±7.02), respectively, relative to the normal sample. urin creatnine supplemented subjects had higher levels than healthy controls (P 0.01). Group 1 had an average of 633±109.11 and Group 3 had 19±7.02. 0.001 With and without creatine supplementation, mean levels have considerable (p 0.001). Group 1 = 160.54±20.67, Group 2 = 87.38±10.15) vs. normal sample (Group 3 = 70.18±12.91). AST, ALT, ALP, Total protein, and albumin may be changed by creatine supplementation.
Study the levels of serum glucose‑6‑phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and some biochemical parameters in leukemic patients
In this work, some changes that accompanied the chronic myeloid leukemia disease has been interested. Hematological variations (leukocytes, erythrocytes, and hemoglobin), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, ferritin, and some elements (iron, sodium, potassium, and zinc) were investigated in the blood and serum of patients. 130 subjects were enrolled in the study, 65 leukemic patients, and 65 healthy controls. The age differences were non-significant between leukemic patients and control group. The count of leukocytes was increased significantly while the count of erythrocytes and hemoglobin were reduced significantly in leukemic patients. The level of serum glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was decreased significantly in leukemic patients. On the other hand, serum ferritin and iron levels were increased significantly and correlated with the count of leukocytes in leukemic patients. The levels of potassium, and zinc were significantly reduced in leukemic patients, while the level of sodium was not changed significantly. In conclusion, chronic myeloid leukemia may associate with anemia, a reduction in the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, hypozincemia, and hypopotassemia. Glucose-6-phosp
The investigation of the inhibition effects of metal complexes of schiff bases of some sulfa drugs on 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activity
In particular, this study is interested in the 6PGD enzyme. In the absence of 6PGD, cancer cells die and cannot propagate. There is no correlation between a 6PGD deficiency of less than 1% and either the development or progression of cancer. Cell development is negatively affected by the inhibition of 6PGD, which controls cell growth and division. Cancer and the glucose metabolic pathway. Cancer cells need 6PGD for the synthesis of NADPH and DNA. When SIRT2 is activated, it blocks the production of NADPH and slows down DNA synthesis. Oncogenic alterations in Ras, Src, and PI3K/AKT all lead to increased 6PGD activity in cancer cells. The 6PGD gene has been linked to glioma, lung, and ovarian cancer (ROS). The 6PGD gene affects the effectiveness of therapy. BCG expression is associated with a poor outcome in bladder cancer. Treatment response and survival time for gliomas may be predicted using 6PGD. We used spectrophotometric techniques to examine the impact of several Schiff bases and their complexes on 6PGD activity in vitro. The program Molegro Virtual Docker was also used to assess probable attachment patterns.
Evaluation of the relation of circulating chemerin and fetuin-a in the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the importance of blood levels of chemerin and fetuin-A in individuals diagnosed with type diabetes. This case-control research was taken place in Kirkuk city during November 2021 to February 2022. The participants in the research ranged in age from 40 to 69 years old, and all of them had type 2 diabetes. We compiled all of the baseline clinical information, such as gender, age, body mass index, length of diabetes, and blood samples acquired from patients to determine chemerin and fetalin A, hemoglobin A1c, and blood sugar levels. Based on the findings, diabetic patients had the overall percentage of serum chemerin (9.28 ng/mL), whereas the control group had the lowest mean. According to the findings of the research, individuals with diabetes mellitus had the greatest average of serum fetuin A (20.10 6.47 Mg/mL), while those in the control group had the lowest mean (9.08 1.52 Mg/mL). The study found a positive correlation between chemerin and Fetuin A, as well as positive correlations between Fetuin A and Duration of diabetes, HbA1c level, time of life of patients, and blood sugar levels. Additionally, the results indicated a positive correlation between chemerin and Fetuin A and each of the length of diabetes, HbA1c level, age of patients, and blood sugar levels. The study showed that, the highest mean of serum chemerin and fetuin A were recorded in diabetic retinopathy patients and the low mean was in patients without retinopathy.
Evaluation of apelin and some biochemical parameters in coronary artery patients in mosul city
The present case control study was performed from September 2022until April 2023 at Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi/ Department of Biochemistry on 78 patients of different ages with heart disease (such as coronary artery disease also called coronary heart disease or heart disease or myocardial ischemia) who were diagnosed in Mosul hospitals and were compared with the control group, which included 67 samples of healthy people, when measuring the concentration of Apelin, it was found that there was a significant decrease in the concentration of Apelin in people suffering from heart disease compared with the control group in which the concentration of Apelin was within normal rates, as it acts as a protective system of the body. A group of biochemical variables were measured and the correlation relationship was statistically found between their concentrations and the concentration of Apelin and the results of the study were as follows A significant increase in the concentration of urea, creatinine and uric acid in the blood of people suffering from heart disease was found compared with the control group, which was within the normal concentrations of biochemical variables, where the correlation with the concentration of Apelin was inversely related, as the higher the concentration of these variables, in turn, the lower the concentration of Apelin and the greater its effect on heart disease, while the higher the concentration of Aeplin reduces the effects on the heart .It was also noted that there is a significant increase in both cholesterol and triglycerides compared to the concentration of Apelin in patients, and it was also found that there is a significant decrease in the concentration of high-density lipids, as well as there is a significant decrease in enzymatic antioxidants, such as catalase enzyme, compared with the concentration of Apelin in patients. While we found no significant differences in the concentration of albumin, the concentration of sodium and calcium salts and the enzyme ALT compared with the concentration of Apelin in the blood.
The evaluation of potential markers properties of some antioxidant enzymes and metabolites in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a chronic endocrinological condition that affects about 20% of women of reproductive age and presents a wide spectrum of symptoms such as obesity, menstrual and fertility disorders, hirsutism and insulin resistance for which hyperandrogenism and oligo-anovulation are responsible. Glutathione (GSH), serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (ꝩ-GCS), and aminopeptidases all play a part in eukaryotic oxidant/antioxidant systems. In this study, we aimed to show that glutathione and related enzymes can be an important antioxidant/oxidant indicator in PCOS disease. In our study, among the patients followed and being followed in Gynecology; Forty patients over 18 years of age, diagnosed with PCOS according to 2003 Rotterdam diagnostic criteria, and 40 healthy volunteers without any metabolic disease were included. Rotterdam diagnostic criteria; oligo-anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism and ultrasonographically polycystic ovary appearance. People who had at least 2 of the three criteria were considered PCOS. The GSH, GGT, ꝩ-GCS and aminopeptidase levels were measured by the ELISA method in serum samples of patients and controls. In our study, the levels of important enzymes in glutathione metabolism were examined in PCOS patients. These enzymes were found to be significantly different in PCOS patients compared to control groups, indicating that glutathione metabolism plays an important role in this disease. When correlation analyses are analyzed, the correlation of the parameters shows that enzymes and glutathione play a role together in the disease. According to the analysis results; GGT was found to be insignificant between PCOS and control (p>0.05). GSH, ꝩ-GCS and aminopeptidase were found to be statistically significantly higher in the PCOS group compared to the control group (p<0.05). Since GSH is an important antioxidant, it is thought to increase in response to the increase in oxidants. Since ꝩ-GCS and aminopeptidase are involved in the catalysis of glutathione, it is thought to increase in response to glutathione elevation. In the light of the data we have obtained, we think that glutathione will play an important role in the mechanism of PCOS. The PCOS is an important disease that can be seen in many women and seriously affects the quality of life. Therefore, it is important to clarify the reasons behind the spread of the disease clearly and thus a better diagnosis. More studies can be done to better clarify the relationship between glutathione metabolism and PCOS. Further, the relationship between the phenotypes can be clarified by taking different PCOS phenotypes. Also, differences between patients with different outcomes can be examined. Differences can be examined by measuring the gene expression of the enzymes that we examined, and in this way the relationship with the disease can be better clarified.
Assessment of β -secretase and some parameters in petroleum station workers and alzheimer's pateint in Mosul city
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, irreversible neurodegenerative disease that progressively destroys memory and thinking skills. Where this study included the effect of pollution on alzheimer's disease and some biochemical variables in fuel station workers and alzheimer's patients in the city of Mosul. These variables included: β-secretase, vitamin C, total protein, albumin, liver enzyme GPT, uric acid, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), cholesterol, lead Pb, catalazo SOD. The study included (150) people, representing three main groups, each group consisting of (50) people Where the first main group included workers at the petroleum station, which in turn was divided into three sub-groups, according to the period of work in those stations. While the second main group included Alzheimer's patients, and the third main group was considered a control group selected from healthy people. These results were consistent with those of previous studies that demonstrated a role for β-secretase in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, By incision of amyloid precursor protein, the formation of Aβ peptides is stimulated that forms amyloid plaques (senescent plaque) outside neurons.
Evaluation of serum methylglyoxal level and some other biomarkers in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Tikrit city
The presented thesis was conducted to investigate the levels of methylglyoxal (MG) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in comparison with those found in healthy controls and to investigate the correlation between methylglyoxal and plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c percentage, as well as lipid profiles, The study was conducted with 100 participants between November-December 2022. All participants were over 18 and separated into two groups. The first group contained 50 patients with type-2 diabetes diagnosed at Salah Al-Din Teaching Hospital. The second group included fifty healthy diabetics of the same age and gender. The means of methylglyoxal, fasting glucose, HbA1c, and lipid profiles, which include cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) concentrations, were higher in patients than in controls, while the mean of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was lower in patients than in controls. In addition, a negative correlation was found between MG and lipid profile except for HDL, whereas there was no correlation between MG and lipid profile in regards to Hba1c. These results imply that hyperglycemia is viewed as a feature of the onset of diabetes sickness and that methylglyoxal is an indication of oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic patients. Additionally, hyperglycemia may contribute to the development of dyslipidemia.
Evaluation of the vitamin-D3, thyroid stimulation hormone, and some biochemical parameters among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome in Baghdad province
Women with anovulation often have "polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs)", a disorder described by abnormal development of the ovaries. Ultrasound evidence of polycystic ovaries, hyperandrogenism, and prolonged lack of ovulation are all hallmarks of this condition. The wide variety of PCOs anomalies cannot be pinpointed to a single cause. .In the case-control research, there will be a total of 170 female volunteers who are of reproductive age and will be followed medically at Fatima Al Zahraa Women and children Teaching Hospital\ Baghdad. This study lasted from the month of September 2022 until the month of April 2023. Out of the total number of participants, approximately 85 of them were healthy individuals who served as the normal study group, and the residual 85 patients had a clinical diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome. It was decided to get ethical clearance. In order to participate in the research, participants gave their verbal permission. Interviews with each individual patient are conducted in order to collect the necessary data. Vitamin D, TSH, and lipid profile were estimated using ELISA, automated biochemistry analyzer instruments and BMI were evaluated. The study's findings revealed that the mean TSH, BMI, and lipid profile (TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL) were higher among women suffering from PCOs than in healthy women, while the mean vitamin D and HDL were lower in women with POCs than in healthy women. These results indicated a significant difference between study groups concerning all variables except age distribution. Women are at increased risk for PCOs if they have low vitamin D levels, thyroid problems, a high body mass index, as well as hyperlipidemia. Conclution: Low serum levels of vitamin D in women agony from "polycystic ovary syndrome" indicates that a deficiency in the level of this vitamin leads to an exacerbation and development of "polycystic ovary syndrome" in women. The fact that the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone in the patients was noticeably higher in comparison to the healthy ones suggests that women who have hypothyroidism may be at a greater risk of occurence PCOs. In women who have "polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs)", having a high body mass index is evidence that obesity plays an active role as a risk factor in the occurence of the condition. When compared to healthy individuals, the group of patients had significantly higher levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as LDL and VLDL, and significantly lower levels of HDL. These results suggest that lipid disorders play a significant role in the development of PCOs in this population. More studies are needed on the relationship of lipid metabolism with PCOS.
Evaluation of the effect of fecal calprotectin, il6 vitamin b12, ferritin, and some minerals in patients with ulcerative colitis with and without biological treatment
Fecal calprotectin can be used to predict histologic remission in patients with UC, although the cut-off level differs across research, depending on the test used to quantify this biomarker and depending on the definition of histologic remission. To understand the role of fecal calprotectin with some immunological, biochemical, and hematological variables in the diagnosis and control of biological therapy for patients with ulcerative colitis and its association with the rest of the study variables, a study of the relationship with the results of the Fecal Calprotectin test for ulcerative colitis patients who take biological therapy and patients who do not take biological therapy, and their relationship with healthy subjects, and an indication of the extent to which parameters are affected by these microbes. Samples of 150 patients (males and females) 50 for each group were collected from patients being referred to the gastroenterology clinic of Azadi Teaching Hospital and private Kirkuk clinic for upper and lower GIT endoscopy in Kirkuk City from October 2021 to June 2022 with clinical symptoms of bloody diarrhea with rectal urgency, rectal bleeding, frequent stools, and mucus discharge from the rectum, tenesmus, and lower abdominal pain and a clinical trial (randomLy) study were done. Interviews were done using a questionnaire that looked for the causal factors of ulcerative colitis. The results of this study show a strong relationship between the fecal calprotectin test with some immunological, biochemical, and hematological variables in patients with biological therapy group and without the biological therapy group compared to the control group where there is a significant difference between the group without biological therapy and control group in the fecal calprotectin (FC), ferritin, IL-6, Hs-CRP, PCT, K, WBC, platelets, vitamin B12, Na, and Cl, while there were significant differences between the patient with biological therapy group and control group in vitamin D and Folate while there were no significant differences for both groups with a control group in Hb. The results of the study were as follows: High accuracy and precision can be achieved when predicting the development of ulcerative colitis using the level of fecal calprotectin (FC). According to the results of our study, it can be concluded that biological therapy has an important role in UC treatment where there were significantly positive changes in immunological, biochemical, and hematological variables in patients taking the biological therapy group compared with patients without the biological therapy group.
Relationship between biofilm formation and MRPA gene in uropathogenic Proteus mirabilis
Proteus bacteria are piliated, Gram-negative rods that belong to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Hauser defined them for the first time in 1885. The genus Proteus now contains five species: P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, P. penneri, and P. myxofaciens. Proteus mirabilis is a primary pathogen of nosocomial and opportunistic urinary tract infections (UTI). It has a strong preference for the upper urinary system, where it can cause significant kidney injury P. mirabilis is the third most usually isolated pathogen causing urinary tract infections (after E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae). They are primarily ascending infections, which are more prevalent in patients with anatomical or physiological urinary tract abnormalities, as well as in catheterized patients or as a result of medical care errors , In Iraq, P. mirabilis was identified in 17.5% of UTI patients,In this study, 180 mid-stream urine non-repeated specimens were collected from urinary tract infections patients referring several hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq, for the purpose of isolating Proteus mirabilis. VITEK(R) compact system was employed for identifying these isolates. Antibiotic suceptibility was assayed using Kirby-Bauer method and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was performed for the most resisted antibiotic (cefotaxime). Biofilm forming capacity was evaluated by microtiter plate method. PCR technique was used to confirm the identification by detecting 16S rRNA gene. Also PCR was employed for the detection of mrpA gene. Furthermore, qRT-PCR was used to assess the impact of cefotaxim at ½MIC on the gene expression of mrpA. The present results revealed that 20 isolates were identified as P. mirabilis. Cefotaxime was resisted by 18 isolates; wherease, higest sensitivity was towards tetracycline (7 isolates). Variably (P <0.05), all of which formed moderate biofilm except one isolate developed a strong biofilm. Intriguingly, 22.22% of isolates resisted 2048 µg/mL. Markedly, cefotaxim at ½MIC lowered the intensity and downregulated the mrpA gene in all isolates (P <0.05).
Evaluation of effects of some coumarin metal complexes on alpha-glucosidase enzyme
α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are a class of drugs that work by inhibiting the enzyme α-glucosidase, which breaks down complex carbohydrates into simple sugars in the small intestine. By blocking this process, AGIs can slow down the absorption of carbohydrates, resulting in a smaller rise in blood glucose levels after meals. This makes them particularly useful in the management of type 2 diabetes, where hyperglycemia after meals is a common problem. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the development of new AGIs with improved potency and selectivity, as well as better pharmacokinetic properties. These new compounds are often designed based on the structure-activity relationships of existing AGIs, and various synthetic strategies are employed to optimize their pharmacological properties. Docking experiments were performed on the crystal structure α-glucosidase. In this study, ten complexes were used, and one of these complexes. The Pd(3MeOCTS)2 inhibited the α-glucosidase enzyme, to put it another way. At an MolDock Score value of -144.099, Pd(3MeOCTS)2 was shown to inhibit the α-glucosidase enzyme, and 3D interaction maps between the two were shown.
Biochemical investigations on lipid peroxidation in the serum of renal failure patients pre and post-dialysis
In this study, oxidative stress was investigated in renal failure patients, as well as, the effect of dialysis operation on oxidative stress by measuring the lipid peroxidation biomarker, MDA, pre- and post-dialysis in the same patients. The study was controlled with healthy people on similar ages to avoid its influence on the clinical data. The level of MDA was increased significantly in renal failure patients compared to control. Furthermore, the patients with renal failure patients post-dialysis have shown significant increase in the level of MDA compared to the same patients pre-dialysis. Additionally, the levels of urea, creatinine, TGs, LDL, and VLDL were increased significantly in renal failure patients compared to control. GFR and HDL were reduced significantly in renal failure patients compared to control. In renal failure patients pre-dialysis, MDA was correlated positively with TGs and VLDL. In conclusion, dialysis operation results in increasing lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in people with renal failure disease.
Investigation of the use of serum FGF-23 as an indicator of early diyabetci nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a fatal metabolic disorder The prevalence of this disease has significantly increased in the past couple of decades. It is caused by the continuous increase in the severity and incidence of the disease. Despite the increasing prevalence of diabetes, the number of people with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has not decreased over the past 30 years. One of the key factors contributing to a shorter lifetime among diabetics is this illness. to determine those who are most at risk of contracting this illness. This study aims To investigate the use of serum FGF-23 as an indicator of early diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 150 participants in all were chosen from those participating at 4 significant clinical laboratories. 100 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in the patient group, 50 of them had microalbuminuria and the remaining 50 did not. The average patient age was (minimum=45,maximum=75) year and another 50 participants were healthy once for control. the patients used to attend Al-Yarmouk hospital and Al-Numaan hospital the samples of the patient has been collected from 5th April to 20th august of 2022 all the participants were assessed for whole blood (CBC,hba1c) and serum glucose, renal function test, and liver function test, FGF-23 and ACR (albumin creatinine ratio in urine). The SPSS program version 23 was used to statistically analyze the results. The present study's findings showed a significant difference in the mean serum FGF-23 levels across the groups during investigation. In all groups examined, there was a connection between ACR and serum FGF-23 levels. FGF-23 can be used as an alternative to ACR as an indicator of early diabetic nephropathy. FGF-23 can be useful as an indicator of the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
Investigation of the effect of phytic acid and its relationship with inhibin B, trace element and some biochemical markers in infertile men
Fertility is closely associated with the goodl desire of humans to live, reproduce, and prolong their existence. Objective: To measure the concentration of phytic acid and to study the effect of changes in its concentration on inhibin B and trace elements and some biochemical markers in infertile men, to assess spermatogenesis and semen parameters. There were high levels of phytic acid in men who had problems in the process of spermatogenesis, and thus its direct relationship to male infertility. That the presence of phytates in human food sources can form complexes in the metabolic stages of humans mainly insoluble with cations such as Ca, Mg and Zn, thus limiting or decreasing the bioavailability, these minerals are important in the formation of sperm. Men with high levels of phytic acid can experience changes in concenteration of inhibin B, LH, and FSH and thus directly affect the function of the male reproductive organs, which is evident in the third level of infertile men in our study. As for the low levels of inhibin B and LH, we found that it affects sperm motility and semen volume and thus limits sperm motility in males, which leads to incomplete fertilization. The study concluded that phytic acid can affect the metabolism of trace minerals, inhibin B hormone, LH and FSH, and thus lead to infertility or the development it or increase inability in treatment it. Because food is mainly based on plant products that contain phytate. There is a need for more studies on the effect of phytic acid on humans.
Correlation between thyroid disorder and anemia
The purpose of this study was to find out how hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism affect the levels of haemoglobin. It was found that there was a link between thyroxin and haematological markers. We found that the average age of people in the hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and control groups was 36.9±5.3, 33.3±3.6, and 27.33±4.19, respectively. The BMI showed that hypothyroidism (31.1±3.0, p-value 0.001) and hyperthyroidism (26.0±3.5, p-value 0.020) are very different from the controls (22.73±1.99). Thyroid problems comparing patients and controls There are statistically important differences between the levels of TSH hormone in patients and controls (p value 0.001). Using Iron Pane characteristics to compare patients and controls Ferritin levels are different between patients and controls (p = 0.001), but neither TIBC nor iron levels are different in a significant way. the link between people with thyroid disease and healthy people as measured by a hematological parameter It was found that there wasn't much difference between the patient group and the control group. The current study found that there were no significant differences between the mean RBC values for control, hyper, and hypo (hyper = 4.52±0.512, hypo = 4.315±0.541, and control = 4.8±0.552) (p value >0.05). The correlation and changes for HB were also not significant (11.89±1.9, 11.863±1.48, and 12.87±1.53, p value >0.05).
Kompost solucanından glukoz–6-fosfat dehidrogenaz enziminin saflaştırılması, karakterizasyonu ve bazı toprak kirleticilerin etkilerinin incelenmesi
Sunulan bu tez kapsamında, kompost solucanından glukoz–6-fosfat dehidrogenaz enziminin saflaştırılmıştır. optimum pH, optimum iyonik şiddet, optimum aktivite gösterdiği sıcaklık, KM ve Vmax değerlerinin belirlenmesi, stabil pH, ürün inhibisyonu gibi biyokimyasal karakterizasyon çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Ayrıca oxamyl, carbaryl, diniconazole, metalaxyl, methomyl, carbofuran, simazine, tebuconazol, atrazine, propoxur, 1- naphthol, 2,4 – D gibi pestisitlerinin ve Pb(NO3)2, Cr(NO3)2, HgCI2, FeSO4, Ni(NO3)2, Cd(NO3)2, Co(NO3)2, AI(NO3)3 metal iyonlarının Eisenia Fetida saflaştırılan glukoz-6-fosfat dehidrogenaz enziminin aktivitesi üzerinde etkilerini araştırdık. Oxamyl, carboryl, diniconazole, metalaxyl, methomyl 7,6-77,12 µM arasında IC50 değerleri ile inhibisyon etkisi gösterdi. Pb(NO3)2, Cr(NO3)2, HgCI2, FeSO4, ve Ni(NO3)2 56-120 µM aralığında IC50 değerleri ile inhibisyon etkisi göstermiştir. Yapılan çalışmalarda inhibisyon etkisi gösteren bileşikler için Kİ sabitlerine Cheng-Prusoff denklemiyle hesaplanmıştır.
In silico determination of the affinity of some lactones against mitochondrial ClpP
ClpP is a serine protease found in the mitochondrial matrix, and it is unique in that it is found only in mitochondria. By digesting misfolded or damaged proteins, this protease contributes to mitochondrial protein quality control and the maintenance of normal metabolic activity. ClpXP is a multimeric complex composed of ClpX, an ATP-dependent unfoldase, and ClpP, a ring of heptamers that is both stable and active as a peptidase. ClpXP is overexpressed in both blood cancers and solid tumours, and it seems to be essential for the survival of a subset of cancers. In moreover, blocking or overactivating cancer cells treated with ClpXP exhibit diminished respiratory chain activity and eventually die. As a result, mitochondrial ClpXP targeting may represent a promising new approach to cancer therapy. In the presented study, we tried to determine the affinity of some lactone compounds for ClpP protein by molecular modeling method. The crystal structure of the protein was downloaded from the protein database with the code 6BBA. 3D structures of the molecules were obtained from the PubMed web page. According to the results obtained using the Molegro Virtual Docker program, Trichurusin K and Trichurusin J have the highest affinity for protein with -162.107 and -147.058 MolDock Scores. Detailed interaction maps of the molecules with the active site of the enzyme were displayed using the Discovery Studio 2021 Client program.
Kompost solucanından 6-fosfoglukonat dehidrogenaz enziminin saflaştırılması, karakterizasyonu ve bazı toprak kirleticilerin etkilerinin incelenmesi
Sunulan bu tez kapsamında, kompost solucanından 6-fosfoglukonat dehidrogenaz enziminin saflaştırılmıştır. Optimum pH, optimum iyonik şiddet, optimum aktivite gösterdiği sıcaklık, KM ve Vmax değerlerinin belirlenmesi, gibi biyokimyasal karakterizasyon çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Ayrıca oxamyl, carbaryl, diniconazole, metalaxyl, methomyl, carbofuran, simazine, tebuconazol, atrazine, propoxur, 1- naphthol, 2,4 – D gibi pestisitlerinin ve Pb(NO3)2, Cr(NO3)2, HgCI2, FeSO4, Ni(NO3)2, Cd(NO3)2, Co(NO3)2, AI(NO3)3 metal iyonlarının Eisenia Foetida saflaştırılan glukoz-6-fosfat dehidrogenaz enziminin aktivitesi üzerinde etkilerini araştırdık. Bu kirleticilerin çalışılan konsantrasyonlarda herhangi bir etkisi tespit edilmedi. Ayrıca bazı organik çözücülerin etkileri araştırıldı. Bunlardan etanol, asetonitril, bütanolün inhibisyon etkisi gösteririken, DMSO enzim üzerinde aktivasyon etkisi göstermiştir.
Evaluation of the role of preptin with vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in patients with renal failure
In our investigation, preptin levels were estimated in patients with complications of chronic renal disease, along with some biochemical indicators as vitamin D, calcium, blood urea, serum creatinine, and parathyroid hormone. The study included 40 healthy individuals as the control group and 60 patients with chronic renal disease, both of whom shared the same demographic characteristics. vitamin D levels are low on average compared to the control group, and they are significantly higher (P 0.002) in people with chronic renal disease. the mean of parathyroid hormone is above high compared with a control group and significant (P < 0.006) with chronic kidney disease, the mean of urea is high compared with a control group and it is significant (P < 0.004) with chronic kidney disease and creatinine mean is high compared with a control group and significant (P < 0.003) with chronic kidney disease, the mean of preptin was above the normal reference compared with a control group and it is significant (P < 0.007) with chronic kidney disease. Patients with chronic renal failure made up the experimental group in our study, which produced these results. Serum preptin concentrations correlated with blood urea r = 0.505, creatinine, r = 0.503, vitamin D r = - 0.452, and parathyroid hormone r = 0.322.
Digitalis lamarckii İvanina (yüksük otu) bitkisinin çeşitli kısımlarından elde edilen ekstrelerin pankreatik lipaz enzimi üzerindeki etkilerinin araştırılması
Yağların hidrolizi ve sentezinde önemli olan enzimler lipazlardır. Günümüz koşullarında değişen beslenme alışkanlıkları obeziteyi kronik hale getirmiştir. Obezite lipaz enziminin inhibisyonu ile kontrol altına alınabilir. Eski çağlardan bu yana bitkiler her zaman tedavi amaçlı kullanılmıştır. Anti-obezite özelliği bulunan bitkisel ve doğal ürünlerin Pankreatik lipaz enzimi inhibisyonu üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada Digitalis lamarckii Ivanina bitkisinin kök, gövde, yaprak ve çiçek kısımlarından elde edilen metanol, hekzan, kloroform, aseton ve kaynatma ekstrelerinin Pankreatik lipaz inhibisyonu aktiviteleri incelenmiştir. Ekstreler 64-761 µg/ml IC50 değerleri aralığında inhibisyon etkisi göstermiştir. Gövde kaynatma ve hekzan ile elde edilen ekstre 64 ve 101 µg/ml IC50 değerleri ile en yüksek inhibisyon etki göstermişlerdir.