Theses supervised by Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Aktan Acar
17 theses · TOBB Economics and Technology University
Investigation of urban climate and built environment relations by using machine learning
Climate change can cause a cascade of effects from the individual organisms to ecosystem-scale where in nature all species are elements of complex networks of interactions so every effect on every scale has great role. The properties of those networks are decisive on ecosystems all around the world so how they will be modified by climate change needs serious studies. Urban areas' vast population exert significant effects on the climate change even though they cover a small proportion of the Earth's surface, however, impacts of the urbanization on climate and ecosystems remain inadequately understood. In the meantime, urbanization continues to increase and in the 2030, 2/3 of the population is expected to be living in urban areas and this rate will increase in time. It is of importance to elaborate the studies investigating the relations between the urbanization and climate. In this respect, the use of information technologies with an extensive computational capacity is one of the cornerstones of the climate and urban studies. Machine learning algorithms is a branch of computer science that deals with automated recognition of patterns from data. The use of the machine learning algorithms can bring great advantages to both understanding and predicting the climate. The computational power with big data and ability to capture nonlinear behavior, learn as new data arrive, etc. make the machine learning favorable tool for understanding climate and developing urban planning. In this sense, purpose of this study is showing the advantages of machine learning algorithms by achieving working recurrent neural network algorithm to make climate predictions, and through this achievement, stating possible effects of machine learning on design and its contribution to understanding the climate.
Application of parametric building information modelling techniques on the historic masonry structures
Documenting the geometric and non-geometric data of historic buildings is imperative to preserve the historical heritage. Acquired data is articulated in 3D by means of various software and digital platform. In this respect, building information modeling platforms are advancing, becoming more accessible and convenient. It is predicted that this system can also benefit historical buildings, and some studies are carried out by a specialist in this regard. This system, which emerged as the concept of HBIM, is useful for conserving or re-functioning historical structures. However, non-standard building elements and complex geometries of historical buildings are the elements that make building modeling difficult. In this study, modeling methods that enable developing the HBIM model of non-uniformly deteriorated historic building elements are investigated. This study aims to examine the potential possibilities of available methods provided in Revit to reconstruct the non-uniformly deteriorated masonry wall of the historical building with smart objects within the scope of HBIM. At this stage, a historical structure with non-uniformly wall is studied as a case study to create an HBIM model. Within the scope of this thesis, the HBIM model of the historical masonry stone walls of the Anavarza/Anazarbus Triumphal Arch, which is a Roman-era structure and located in Adana, is produced with smart objects in Revit Software. The restitution project of the historical building is used as an underlay within the scope of this project, but this drawing also includes damaged structural elements. This thesis focuses on modeling the non-uniform elements with regular geometries, rather than modeling the geometries of the deteriorated elements of the historical building. In other words, it focuses on digitizing historical building elements with proper geometries. Restitution project modeling is preferred within the scope of this thesis in a short time in order to use time and resources accurately. It is aimed to obtain the necessary data from the Revit software throughout the project duration by processing the geometric and non-geometric data of the historical structure, for which the HBIM model is created. In addition, the positive and negative aspects of the method developed in the model of the Anavarza/Anazarbus Triumphal Arch, which was rebuilt entirely in a virtual environment, are revealed. In this process, it is aimed to create a road map by determining main and intermediate goals.
Factors affecting unbranded housing design and production
Need-based structures such as housing constitute a large part of the building density in the urban area. Residential buildings determine the aesthetics and morphology of a city due to their high density. It is possible to observe resemblance among residential buildings in Turkey. The reasons of similitude could be understood by analysing the housing procurement process. In this study, the factors affecting the unbranded housing design and production process are examined in legal, economic, cultural, technological, and sectorial context in order to understand the constraints that create the tendency towards uniformity among unbranded residential buildings.
Investigation of aesthetic experience as a potential functional aspect of architecture
This research investigates the potential influence of the aesthetic experience and the functional aspect of architecture on each other. Accordingly, this study aims to present a philosophical investigation of the emergence of aesthetic experience in relation to the functional aspect of architecture as well as its potential of being an architectural function. It is possible to claim that humanity can interact with its environment through the functional aspect of architecture. There are discussions that the relationship between users and architectural spaces can go beyond benefiting from the necessary physical conditions that architecture provides for its users to execute their required and desired actions. An architectural space having a sensuous impact on its users supports the existence of certain experiences. Philosophy discusses such phenomena with phenomenological thinking as one of its branches and psychology studies them with perceptual and cognitive science. The user-architecture relationship and its intellectual and psychological causes can be considered as a case of aesthetic experiences. Therefore, at the point where quantitative properties of architectural spaces achieve non-measurable qualities, the user-architecture connection can be moved to the field of aesthetics discipline as a form of communication, recognition, and a way of knowing. The overall focus of the discipline of aesthetics has been the study of the experience and the judgment of taste that occurs as a result of the interaction between the aesthetic subject and the aesthetic object. It is possible to claim that, in architecture, the aesthetic subject resembles the user and the aesthetic "object" corresponds to the space that architecture defines and its overall form. To be able to investigate the aesthetic relationship between the user and space through the functional aspect of architecture, the concept of appropriateness is explored. This concept argues for the emergence of an aesthetic quality from what is made appropriately to its intended use. This understanding originates from the philosophers of Antiquity, yet it is also possible to see architects throughout the history of architecture stressing the notion of being appropriate in their practice. It is possible to see this consideration through the form-function relation as well as user-function relation in architecture. This indicates that function-related investigations can be conducted through concepts of aesthetics. Accordingly, this research articulates aesthetics' potential place among varying functions that architecture possesses by conducting philosophical investigation and explores its functional characteristics.
Investigation of aesthetic experience as a potential functional aspect of architecture
This research investigates the potential influence of the aesthetic experience and the functional aspect of architecture on each other. Accordingly, this study aims to present a philosophical investigation of the emergence of aesthetic experience in relation to the functional aspect of architecture as well as its potential of being an architectural function. It is possible to claim that humanity can interact with its environment through the functional aspect of architecture. There are discussions that the relationship between users and architectural spaces can go beyond benefiting from the necessary physical conditions that architecture provides for its users to execute their required and desired actions. An architectural space having a sensuous impact on its users supports the existence of certain experiences. Philosophy discusses such phenomena with phenomenological thinking as one of its branches and psychology studies them with perceptual and cognitive science. The user-architecture relationship and its intellectual and psychological causes can be considered as a case of aesthetic experiences. Therefore, at the point where quantitative properties of architectural spaces achieve non-measurable qualities, the user-architecture connection can be moved to the field of aesthetics discipline as a form of communication, recognition, and a way of knowing. The overall focus of the discipline of aesthetics has been the study of the experience and the judgment of taste that occurs as a result of the interaction between the aesthetic subject and the aesthetic object. It is possible to claim that, in architecture, the aesthetic subject resembles the user and the aesthetic "object" corresponds to the space that architecture defines and its overall form. To be able to investigate the aesthetic relationship between the user and space through the functional aspect of architecture, the concept of appropriateness is explored. This concept argues for the emergence of an aesthetic quality from what is made appropriately to its intended use. This understanding originates from the philosophers of Antiquity, yet it is also possible to see architects throughout the history of architecture stressing the notion of being appropriate in their practice. It is possible to see this consideration through the form-function relation as well as user-function relation in architecture. This indicates that function-related investigations can be conducted through concepts of aesthetics. Accordingly, this research articulates aesthetics' potential place among varying functions that architecture possesses by conducting philosophical investigation and explores its functional characteristics.
Investigation of aesthetic experience as a potential functional aspect of architecture
This research investigates the potential influence of the aesthetic experience and the functional aspect of architecture on each other. Accordingly, this study aims to present a philosophical investigation of the emergence of aesthetic experience in relation to the functional aspect of architecture as well as its potential of being an architectural function. It is possible to claim that humanity can interact with its environment through the functional aspect of architecture. There are discussions that the relationship between users and architectural spaces can go beyond benefiting from the necessary physical conditions that architecture provides for its users to execute their required and desired actions. An architectural space having a sensuous impact on its users supports the existence of certain experiences. Philosophy discusses such phenomena with phenomenological thinking as one of its branches and psychology studies them with perceptual and cognitive science. The user-architecture relationship and its intellectual and psychological causes can be considered as a case of aesthetic experiences. Therefore, at the point where quantitative properties of architectural spaces achieve non-measurable qualities, the user-architecture connection can be moved to the field of aesthetics discipline as a form of communication, recognition, and a way of knowing. The overall focus of the discipline of aesthetics has been the study of the experience and the judgment of taste that occurs as a result of the interaction between the aesthetic subject and the aesthetic object. It is possible to claim that, in architecture, the aesthetic subject resembles the user and the aesthetic "object" corresponds to the space that architecture defines and its overall form. To be able to investigate the aesthetic relationship between the user and space through the functional aspect of architecture, the concept of appropriateness is explored. This concept argues for the emergence of an aesthetic quality from what is made appropriately to its intended use. This understanding originates from the philosophers of Antiquity, yet it is also possible to see architects throughout the history of architecture stressing the notion of being appropriate in their practice. It is possible to see this consideration through the form-function relation as well as user-function relation in architecture. This indicates that function-related investigations can be conducted through concepts of aesthetics. Accordingly, this research articulates aesthetics' potential place among varying functions that architecture possesses by conducting philosophical investigation and explores its functional characteristics.
A method proposition for revelation of lost and found concepts in architectural discourse from the translations of de Architectura Libri Decem
De Architectura is a text that has been inherited to us from 2000 years ago. It had been the most valuable source for renaissance artists and architects to connect them to the times of Roman era. Modern architectural theory owes its roots to the foundation Vitruvius paved and fortuity that it reached within our grasp. And this text is still relevant in certain aspects. Some design schools start their education with the concepts that Vitruvius left for us. These mother principles being venustas, utilitas and firmitas and six fundamental principles. Which constitute the main study points of this thesis: ordinatione, symmetria, eurythmia, decore, dispositione and distrubitione. Since de Architectura is written in Latin, almost every modern reader needs to reach this foundational text through the lens of a translation. Even if we consider that every translation must be a work of a dedicated and renowned scholar, it is a certainty that these translations must compromise in certain aspects to reach the modern reader. To overcome this problem of feeling unable to reach the core of this text, to understand as it was intended to be understood, using tools of modern era must be given a chance. This thesis proposes a method of reading with the facilities digital medium offers. Motivation for this study initially starts from the Open Work concept laid out by Eco. Eco's book Opera Aperta defines the terms of a new concept that's been emerging in the middle of the century. According to Eco, an Open Work is an intentionally left undone work that allows the beholder to finish themselves. The creator does not close the ends of the work, leaving gaps of interpretation to be filled. Even though de Architectura did not have this intentionality on its conception, as time passed and Latin lost its presence in the modern world, combined with its translations it is assumed that it can be considered as such. Open Work concept is also an important concept for the fact that it is the groundwork for the tools that this thesis benefits. First ones that should be mentioned is hypertext fiction genre and the electronic literature. These genres of literature allow the reader to take a different interaction perspective with the work. The reader becomes an actor of the storytelling processes in these genres. As these genres progresses, digitality start to handle more of the human-work interaction. This is where hypertext must be mentioned, also its progression history and technical concepts. Then, an existing interface called Project Perseus is explored with similar tools that it cooperates. After all the groundwork for the tool this thesis proposes are laid, perspective must be shifted to an architectural point of view. Second chapter from the first book from the Latin original and three English editions of de Architectura is fed to an interface that is designed and coded for this thesis. Tool proposed by this thesis allows the user to simultaneously view these texts and see the connections between them at the same time. Each interactive connection also comes with a detailed explanation on the subject made by scholars and hyperlinks are featured to encourage further reading on these topics. What does a tool that allows the reader to simultaneously observe multiple editions of de Architectura can provide for the reader? This question is answered by exploring one concept "eurythmia" deeply by the potential newly proposed tool renders.
A method proposition for revelation of lost and found concepts in architectural discourse from the translations of de Architectura Libri Decem
De Architectura is a text that has been inherited to us from 2000 years ago. It had been the most valuable source for renaissance artists and architects to connect them to the times of Roman era. Modern architectural theory owes its roots to the foundation Vitruvius paved and fortuity that it reached within our grasp. And this text is still relevant in certain aspects. Some design schools start their education with the concepts that Vitruvius left for us. These mother principles being venustas, utilitas and firmitas and six fundamental principles. Which constitute the main study points of this thesis: ordinatione, symmetria, eurythmia, decore, dispositione and distrubitione. Since de Architectura is written in Latin, almost every modern reader needs to reach this foundational text through the lens of a translation. Even if we consider that every translation must be a work of a dedicated and renowned scholar, it is a certainty that these translations must compromise in certain aspects to reach the modern reader. To overcome this problem of feeling unable to reach the core of this text, to understand as it was intended to be understood, using tools of modern era must be given a chance. This thesis proposes a method of reading with the facilities digital medium offers. Motivation for this study initially starts from the Open Work concept laid out by Eco. Eco's book Opera Aperta defines the terms of a new concept that's been emerging in the middle of the century. According to Eco, an Open Work is an intentionally left undone work that allows the beholder to finish themselves. The creator does not close the ends of the work, leaving gaps of interpretation to be filled. Even though de Architectura did not have this intentionality on its conception, as time passed and Latin lost its presence in the modern world, combined with its translations it is assumed that it can be considered as such. Open Work concept is also an important concept for the fact that it is the groundwork for the tools that this thesis benefits. First ones that should be mentioned is hypertext fiction genre and the electronic literature. These genres of literature allow the reader to take a different interaction perspective with the work. The reader becomes an actor of the storytelling processes in these genres. As these genres progresses, digitality start to handle more of the human-work interaction. This is where hypertext must be mentioned, also its progression history and technical concepts. Then, an existing interface called Project Perseus is explored with similar tools that it cooperates. After all the groundwork for the tool this thesis proposes are laid, perspective must be shifted to an architectural point of view. Second chapter from the first book from the Latin original and three English editions of de Architectura is fed to an interface that is designed and coded for this thesis. Tool proposed by this thesis allows the user to simultaneously view these texts and see the connections between them at the same time. Each interactive connection also comes with a detailed explanation on the subject made by scholars and hyperlinks are featured to encourage further reading on these topics. What does a tool that allows the reader to simultaneously observe multiple editions of de Architectura can provide for the reader? This question is answered by exploring one concept "eurythmia" deeply by the potential newly proposed tool renders.
A method proposition for revelation of lost and found concepts in architectural discourse from the translations of de Architectura Libri Decem
De Architectura is a text that has been inherited to us from 2000 years ago. It had been the most valuable source for renaissance artists and architects to connect them to the times of Roman era. Modern architectural theory owes its roots to the foundation Vitruvius paved and fortuity that it reached within our grasp. And this text is still relevant in certain aspects. Some design schools start their education with the concepts that Vitruvius left for us. These mother principles being venustas, utilitas and firmitas and six fundamental principles. Which constitute the main study points of this thesis: ordinatione, symmetria, eurythmia, decore, dispositione and distrubitione. Since de Architectura is written in Latin, almost every modern reader needs to reach this foundational text through the lens of a translation. Even if we consider that every translation must be a work of a dedicated and renowned scholar, it is a certainty that these translations must compromise in certain aspects to reach the modern reader. To overcome this problem of feeling unable to reach the core of this text, to understand as it was intended to be understood, using tools of modern era must be given a chance. This thesis proposes a method of reading with the facilities digital medium offers. Motivation for this study initially starts from the Open Work concept laid out by Eco. Eco's book Opera Aperta defines the terms of a new concept that's been emerging in the middle of the century. According to Eco, an Open Work is an intentionally left undone work that allows the beholder to finish themselves. The creator does not close the ends of the work, leaving gaps of interpretation to be filled. Even though de Architectura did not have this intentionality on its conception, as time passed and Latin lost its presence in the modern world, combined with its translations it is assumed that it can be considered as such. Open Work concept is also an important concept for the fact that it is the groundwork for the tools that this thesis benefits. First ones that should be mentioned is hypertext fiction genre and the electronic literature. These genres of literature allow the reader to take a different interaction perspective with the work. The reader becomes an actor of the storytelling processes in these genres. As these genres progresses, digitality start to handle more of the human-work interaction. This is where hypertext must be mentioned, also its progression history and technical concepts. Then, an existing interface called Project Perseus is explored with similar tools that it cooperates. After all the groundwork for the tool this thesis proposes are laid, perspective must be shifted to an architectural point of view. Second chapter from the first book from the Latin original and three English editions of de Architectura is fed to an interface that is designed and coded for this thesis. Tool proposed by this thesis allows the user to simultaneously view these texts and see the connections between them at the same time. Each interactive connection also comes with a detailed explanation on the subject made by scholars and hyperlinks are featured to encourage further reading on these topics. What does a tool that allows the reader to simultaneously observe multiple editions of de Architectura can provide for the reader? This question is answered by exploring one concept "eurythmia" deeply by the potential newly proposed tool renders.
A natural language processing aided relational information management approach for architectural knowledge fabrication
Throughout the ages, the cumulative production of knowledge has driven civilization forward. The knowledge fabrication process is extracting and analyzing meaning from unstructured information heaps and the knowledge of architecture is not an exception to this. Accordingly, the organization of this information is one of the most vital elements for developing disciplines. Human collects and juxtaposes information within its capacity and limitations, which may inadvertently lead to biased and bounded conclusions. Therefore, no matter how detailed and extensive the content of architecture is, the fabricated knowledge will be within the boundaries of the researcher's knowledge, interest, and capacity. There is a complex body of data for the architecture discipline spread over many fields and fed from various disciplines, events, and approaches. It can be claimed that each piece of information that dwells in architecture is relationally intertwined with each other creating a network. This study aims to try a new relational information organization method for architecture that might lead to new theoretical expansions by making complex and undiscovered relational analyzes readable and manageable for researchers' perceptions. Obsidian.md was deemed appropriate for this study, which is a hypertext-based networked content tool that produces layered, relational, and expandable networks between semantic data pieces. With a potential auxiliary tool to embody and simulate the network of relationships for architectural knowledge, it is aimed to manage the chaotic information into meaningful and readable expertise to the human and reveal uncharted associations for researchers. Due to the sheer volume of data and the need for a systematic, consistent, and rapidly established structure, the use of artificial intelligence algorithms for such a tool has emerged. For this reason, the artificial intelligence field NLP (Natural Language Processing), which is used for semantic data organization, is included in the study. The scope of the thesis covers two themes: the presentation of NLP and a relational content management tool as a possible axillary tool for architectural information organization; and the investigation of fundamental principles and definitions to be used for this NLP aided content management approach for structuring and exploration of architectural knowledge. As a result of the study, a workflow was established between NLP technology tools and Obsidian.md. Within the scope of the determined subject Ankara Roman Bath, a relational knowledge network was obtained through the Obsidian.md tool and the integration of future source texts into this network graphic was optimized.
A natural language processing aided relational information management approach for architectural knowledge fabrication
Throughout the ages, the cumulative production of knowledge has driven civilization forward. The knowledge fabrication process is extracting and analyzing meaning from unstructured information heaps and the knowledge of architecture is not an exception to this. Accordingly, the organization of this information is one of the most vital elements for developing disciplines. Human collects and juxtaposes information within its capacity and limitations, which may inadvertently lead to biased and bounded conclusions. Therefore, no matter how detailed and extensive the content of architecture is, the fabricated knowledge will be within the boundaries of the researcher's knowledge, interest, and capacity. There is a complex body of data for the architecture discipline spread over many fields and fed from various disciplines, events, and approaches. It can be claimed that each piece of information that dwells in architecture is relationally intertwined with each other creating a network. This study aims to try a new relational information organization method for architecture that might lead to new theoretical expansions by making complex and undiscovered relational analyzes readable and manageable for researchers' perceptions. Obsidian.md was deemed appropriate for this study, which is a hypertext-based networked content tool that produces layered, relational, and expandable networks between semantic data pieces. With a potential auxiliary tool to embody and simulate the network of relationships for architectural knowledge, it is aimed to manage the chaotic information into meaningful and readable expertise to the human and reveal uncharted associations for researchers. Due to the sheer volume of data and the need for a systematic, consistent, and rapidly established structure, the use of artificial intelligence algorithms for such a tool has emerged. For this reason, the artificial intelligence field NLP (Natural Language Processing), which is used for semantic data organization, is included in the study. The scope of the thesis covers two themes: the presentation of NLP and a relational content management tool as a possible axillary tool for architectural information organization; and the investigation of fundamental principles and definitions to be used for this NLP aided content management approach for structuring and exploration of architectural knowledge. As a result of the study, a workflow was established between NLP technology tools and Obsidian.md. Within the scope of the determined subject Ankara Roman Bath, a relational knowledge network was obtained through the Obsidian.md tool and the integration of future source texts into this network graphic was optimized.
A natural language processing aided relational information management approach for architectural knowledge fabrication
Throughout the ages, the cumulative production of knowledge has driven civilization forward. The knowledge fabrication process is extracting and analyzing meaning from unstructured information heaps and the knowledge of architecture is not an exception to this. Accordingly, the organization of this information is one of the most vital elements for developing disciplines. Human collects and juxtaposes information within its capacity and limitations, which may inadvertently lead to biased and bounded conclusions. Therefore, no matter how detailed and extensive the content of architecture is, the fabricated knowledge will be within the boundaries of the researcher's knowledge, interest, and capacity. There is a complex body of data for the architecture discipline spread over many fields and fed from various disciplines, events, and approaches. It can be claimed that each piece of information that dwells in architecture is relationally intertwined with each other creating a network. This study aims to try a new relational information organization method for architecture that might lead to new theoretical expansions by making complex and undiscovered relational analyzes readable and manageable for researchers' perceptions. Obsidian.md was deemed appropriate for this study, which is a hypertext-based networked content tool that produces layered, relational, and expandable networks between semantic data pieces. With a potential auxiliary tool to embody and simulate the network of relationships for architectural knowledge, it is aimed to manage the chaotic information into meaningful and readable expertise to the human and reveal uncharted associations for researchers. Due to the sheer volume of data and the need for a systematic, consistent, and rapidly established structure, the use of artificial intelligence algorithms for such a tool has emerged. For this reason, the artificial intelligence field NLP (Natural Language Processing), which is used for semantic data organization, is included in the study. The scope of the thesis covers two themes: the presentation of NLP and a relational content management tool as a possible axillary tool for architectural information organization; and the investigation of fundamental principles and definitions to be used for this NLP aided content management approach for structuring and exploration of architectural knowledge. As a result of the study, a workflow was established between NLP technology tools and Obsidian.md. Within the scope of the determined subject Ankara Roman Bath, a relational knowledge network was obtained through the Obsidian.md tool and the integration of future source texts into this network graphic was optimized.
Saraçoğlu Mahallesi: Geçmiş, bugün ve geleceğe yönelik perspektifler
Saraçoğlu Neighborhood, designed by Paul Bonatz to meet the housing needs of civil servants and built between 1944 and 1946, has become a collapsed area in the city center of Ankara because of its inadequateness against the changing demands of the city. The neighborhood which enters the agenda of urban transformation and is in danger of collapse by declaration as a risky area, is often the subject of debate with land rent pressure, place in city memory and representation value. This debate is an inadequate debate on the solution of the future of the neighborhood. This study evaluates the future of the area with the view that Saraçoğlu Neighborhood has developed from the determination of the causes of its becoming a dilapidated housing area in the city center. Instead of producing scenarios for future design and transformation of the area, it has tried to put forward the principles that should be included in the scenarios to be produced. It is argued that the future of Saraçoğlu Neighborhood should be taken into consideration in parallel with the stages of Ankara's urbanization process and Kızılay city center since the experience of the development of the city inevitably affects the city center and Saraçoğlu Neighborhood. The urbanization process of Ankara, the experience of urbanization up to date was taken up with sociological and ideological approaches affecting urban space, economic changes and architectural trends in the study. As a result of a comprehensive review of the effects of the changing urban paradigms on Saraçoğlu Neighborhood, environmental, physical and economic impacts are defined to prepare the area to become a collapsed area and it has been determined that the future of the area should be evaluated together with Kızılay. In this context, perspectives on the future of Kızılay have been developed and the current problems and potentials of Saraçoğlu Neighborhood and the future pressures and opportunities have been examined. As a result, design principles have been developed that will allow the area to re-join the city center and respond to potential problems that may arise in the future, with inferences made from problem-potential and pressure-opportunity dualities. Keywords: Saraçoğlu Neighborhood, Ankara urbanization process, Urban transformation.
Saraçoğlu Mahallesi: Geçmiş, bugün ve geleceğe yönelik perspektifler
Saraçoğlu Neighborhood, designed by Paul Bonatz to meet the housing needs of civil servants and built between 1944 and 1946, has become a collapsed area in the city center of Ankara because of its inadequateness against the changing demands of the city. The neighborhood which enters the agenda of urban transformation and is in danger of collapse by declaration as a risky area, is often the subject of debate with land rent pressure, place in city memory and representation value. This debate is an inadequate debate on the solution of the future of the neighborhood. This study evaluates the future of the area with the view that Saraçoğlu Neighborhood has developed from the determination of the causes of its becoming a dilapidated housing area in the city center. Instead of producing scenarios for future design and transformation of the area, it has tried to put forward the principles that should be included in the scenarios to be produced. It is argued that the future of Saraçoğlu Neighborhood should be taken into consideration in parallel with the stages of Ankara's urbanization process and Kızılay city center since the experience of the development of the city inevitably affects the city center and Saraçoğlu Neighborhood. The urbanization process of Ankara, the experience of urbanization up to date was taken up with sociological and ideological approaches affecting urban space, economic changes and architectural trends in the study. As a result of a comprehensive review of the effects of the changing urban paradigms on Saraçoğlu Neighborhood, environmental, physical and economic impacts are defined to prepare the area to become a collapsed area and it has been determined that the future of the area should be evaluated together with Kızılay. In this context, perspectives on the future of Kızılay have been developed and the current problems and potentials of Saraçoğlu Neighborhood and the future pressures and opportunities have been examined. As a result, design principles have been developed that will allow the area to re-join the city center and respond to potential problems that may arise in the future, with inferences made from problem-potential and pressure-opportunity dualities. Keywords: Saraçoğlu Neighborhood, Ankara urbanization process, Urban transformation.
Saraçoğlu Mahallesi: Geçmiş, bugün ve geleceğe yönelik perspektifler
Saraçoğlu Neighborhood, designed by Paul Bonatz to meet the housing needs of civil servants and built between 1944 and 1946, has become a collapsed area in the city center of Ankara because of its inadequateness against the changing demands of the city. The neighborhood which enters the agenda of urban transformation and is in danger of collapse by declaration as a risky area, is often the subject of debate with land rent pressure, place in city memory and representation value. This debate is an inadequate debate on the solution of the future of the neighborhood. This study evaluates the future of the area with the view that Saraçoğlu Neighborhood has developed from the determination of the causes of its becoming a dilapidated housing area in the city center. Instead of producing scenarios for future design and transformation of the area, it has tried to put forward the principles that should be included in the scenarios to be produced. It is argued that the future of Saraçoğlu Neighborhood should be taken into consideration in parallel with the stages of Ankara's urbanization process and Kızılay city center since the experience of the development of the city inevitably affects the city center and Saraçoğlu Neighborhood. The urbanization process of Ankara, the experience of urbanization up to date was taken up with sociological and ideological approaches affecting urban space, economic changes and architectural trends in the study. As a result of a comprehensive review of the effects of the changing urban paradigms on Saraçoğlu Neighborhood, environmental, physical and economic impacts are defined to prepare the area to become a collapsed area and it has been determined that the future of the area should be evaluated together with Kızılay. In this context, perspectives on the future of Kızılay have been developed and the current problems and potentials of Saraçoğlu Neighborhood and the future pressures and opportunities have been examined. As a result, design principles have been developed that will allow the area to re-join the city center and respond to potential problems that may arise in the future, with inferences made from problem-potential and pressure-opportunity dualities. Keywords: Saraçoğlu Neighborhood, Ankara urbanization process, Urban transformation.
Application of parametric building information modelling techniques on the historic masonry structures
Documenting the geometric and non-geometric data of historic buildings is imperative to preserve the historical heritage. Acquired data is articulated in 3D by means of various software and digital platform. In this respect, building information modeling platforms are advancing, becoming more accessible and convenient. It is predicted that this system can also benefit historical buildings, and some studies are carried out by a specialist in this regard. This system, which emerged as the concept of HBIM, is useful for conserving or re-functioning historical structures. However, non-standard building elements and complex geometries of historical buildings are the elements that make building modeling difficult. In this study, modeling methods that enable developing the HBIM model of non-uniformly deteriorated historic building elements are investigated. This study aims to examine the potential possibilities of available methods provided in Revit to reconstruct the non-uniformly deteriorated masonry wall of the historical building with smart objects within the scope of HBIM. At this stage, a historical structure with non-uniformly wall is studied as a case study to create an HBIM model. Within the scope of this thesis, the HBIM model of the historical masonry stone walls of the Anavarza/Anazarbus Triumphal Arch, which is a Roman-era structure and located in Adana, is produced with smart objects in Revit Software. The restitution project of the historical building is used as an underlay within the scope of this project, but this drawing also includes damaged structural elements. This thesis focuses on modeling the non-uniform elements with regular geometries, rather than modeling the geometries of the deteriorated elements of the historical building. In other words, it focuses on digitizing historical building elements with proper geometries. Restitution project modeling is preferred within the scope of this thesis in a short time in order to use time and resources accurately. It is aimed to obtain the necessary data from the Revit software throughout the project duration by processing the geometric and non-geometric data of the historical structure, for which the HBIM model is created. In addition, the positive and negative aspects of the method developed in the model of the Anavarza/Anazarbus Triumphal Arch, which was rebuilt entirely in a virtual environment, are revealed. In this process, it is aimed to create a road map by determining main and intermediate goals.
Investigation of urban climate and built environment relations by using machine learning
Climate change can cause a cascade of effects from the individual organisms to ecosystem-scale where in nature all species are elements of complex networks of interactions so every effect on every scale has great role. The properties of those networks are decisive on ecosystems all around the world so how they will be modified by climate change needs serious studies. Urban areas' vast population exert significant effects on the climate change even though they cover a small proportion of the Earth's surface, however, impacts of the urbanization on climate and ecosystems remain inadequately understood. In the meantime, urbanization continues to increase and in the 2030, 2/3 of the population is expected to be living in urban areas and this rate will increase in time. It is of importance to elaborate the studies investigating the relations between the urbanization and climate. In this respect, the use of information technologies with an extensive computational capacity is one of the cornerstones of the climate and urban studies. Machine learning algorithms is a branch of computer science that deals with automated recognition of patterns from data. The use of the machine learning algorithms can bring great advantages to both understanding and predicting the climate. The computational power with big data and ability to capture nonlinear behavior, learn as new data arrive, etc. make the machine learning favorable tool for understanding climate and developing urban planning. In this sense, purpose of this study is showing the advantages of machine learning algorithms by achieving working recurrent neural network algorithm to make climate predictions, and through this achievement, stating possible effects of machine learning on design and its contribution to understanding the climate.