Between 1908-1980 the idea of Turanism in Turkish poetry

The aim of this study is to reveal the idea of Turanism in Turkish poetry in 1908-1980 and its reflections. The scope of this study, which was carried out with the document analysis method, was carried out between the years 1908-1920 II. Constitutional Period and Republic Period (1923-1980) poems. The poems in the magazines, books and newspapers published in the mentioned periods were classified according to their subjects.The prominent titles in these poems, the poets who directly and indirectly addressed the idea of Turanism in their poems, and the dates of the poems are shown in a table. Republican Period, Cemal Oğuz Öcal, Mehmet Sadık Aran, Kazım Poyraz, Niyazi Yıldırım Gençosmanoğlu, Tayyar Aksoy, Hasan Yavaş, Abdurrahim Karakoç, Fethi Tevetoğlu, Kemal Fedai Çoşkuner, Yavuz Bülent Bakiler, İsmail Durmuş, Dilaver Cebeci, Şevket Yahnıcıoğlu, Fuat Şükrü Dilbilen The poems of Metin Fehmi Bekaroğlu, Aydil, Erol, Gavseddin Koçak, Elmas Yıldırım, Refet Körüklü, Murat Çetin, Mustafa Türker, Osman Nuri Kurt, Mustafa Kayabek, Taylan Demirutku, Hüseyin Nihal Atsız, Bahtiyar Körbahtı were examined in the study. II. Constitutional Period (1908-1920) It is seen that the idea of Turanism in Turkish poetry was discussed under seven titles. These titles are "Captive Turkish Homeland: Turan, New Life: Turan, The Land of the Turk: Turan, Great Aspiration: Turan, Moralistic Homeland: Turan, A Political State Organization: Turan, Turkish Union: Turan". It is seen that in the poems of the Republican Period (1923-1980), the idea of Turanism was handled under four main headings as "Captive Turk Homeland: Turan, Turan the Land on which the Turk treads, Great Aspiration: Turan-Turkish Union, A Political State Organization: Turan". It is seen that the title of most poems written in both periods is Esir Türk Yurdu: Turan. II. Constitutional Period (1908-1920) The recipe for liberation from captivity in Turkish poetry is the great Turan State to be established in the East. This state will save the oppressed Turks and Muslims from the colonial powers and will ensure the establishment of a great unity in the East. In most of the poems, there is a strong reaction to the destruction of Turkish homelands, the genocide against the Turks, and the extermination of the Turks. Some Turkists led by Atsız in the Republican Period (1923-1980); They defended a civil Turkism understanding that took care of Turks outside of Turkey, claimed the lands that were the remnants of the Ottoman Empire, and defended the independence of the Turks under the occupation of Soviet Russia, and the Turan ideal shaped by this understanding. After the 1950s, this reaction movement became more politically opposed to communism. Turanism; While it emerges as a defensive reflex, it also reflects the hope of the days when the Turks will dominate the world to the poem. The Great Turan ideal - Turkish unity - was presented as a recipe for salvation not only for Turks but also for the oppressed East, which is being exploited by the West. The poems discussed are the Balkans, the Caucasus, Central Asia, Cyprus, Kirkuk, Crimea, East Turkestan, the lost Turkish homelands. While the feeling of longing and sadness for Turan, the lost Turkish homeland, dominate, it is seen that the feelings of hatred and revenge against the invading states come to the fore. In many of the poems, it is desired that the Turks in the world have a single independent homeland. The name of this great homeland is Turan. Büyük Turan will be established under the leadership of the Republic of Turkey. Turan's borders are a large geography that includes China, Iran, India, the Caucasus, the Balkans, Kirkuk, Egypt, Cyprus, the Islands, Crimea and Kazan. Keywords: Turan Mefkûresi, Turkism, Turkish poetry.