Agricultural support policies applied in Turkey after 1980 and its economic effects

The agricultural sector is a mosaic that contains many elements. Sector; It contains many factors such as providing employment to a certain population, supplying raw materials to different sectors, influencing areas such as budget and foreign trade, especially meeting the nutritional needs of living things. With these elements, it reveals once again its importance and weight in other industrial and service sectors, social, economic and even political fields. These reasons, which increase the importance of agriculture, made it necessary to develop the agricultural sector and support it in this direction. If we consider the policies applied and desired to be implemented in the agricultural sector in terms of recent history, it has become more on the agenda and gained importance with the Republic. Although the economic situation of the country is taken into consideration and a more closed economy model has been drawn, the success of policies and policies related to agriculture manifests itself in the GDP, employment and foreign trade data of those years. Starting from the 1980s, a process in which more liberal, protectionist policies were reduced and neoliberal policies occupied more place on our agenda began for agriculture and other sectors. In fact, agriculture is a sector that maintains its importance in Turkey, but from time to time we are not aware of this and unintentionally made wrong policy decisions, or where disappointment is encountered while trying to get good results. The changes that have made its effects felt in many areas in our country since the 1980s show that liberalization has a great share. However, the effects of this emancipation manifested itself in different ways in different areas. With the harsh and intrusive understanding seen in the agricultural sector before 1980 the more free and softer policy approach implemented later had very different consequences. With the non-intrusive approach, many restrictions have been removed, but the import volume has increased and the picture has gone badly in foreign trade data. The 1980s and the aftermath opened the door to a period in which we felt the impact of international organizations seriously and perhaps the agricultural sector was affected the most. In the period from the 2000s to the present, agricultural policies and supports applied in this direction have been tried to be made more planned and programmed and a better point has been reached. However, as in many developing countries, Turkey has its own problems in the agricultural sector. This study examined the agricultural sector in Turkey under three headings. Where the agriculture sector in Turkey is in GDP, employment and foreign trade data and what rates it has, it has been tried to be transferred with the help of tables, in the first part of the study. The history, objectives and basic tools of agricultural subsidies are also included in the first section. In the second part, the effects of the institutions and organizations such as IMF, World Bank, WTO, EU, which have influenced the world and our country with the decisions they have taken in the fields of agriculture, economy and foreign trade, especially since the 1980s, were discussed. In the third part, agricultural support policies implemented in Turkey have been tried to be conveyed in a chronological order these policies and their economic effects are supported by various tables and charts. Keywords: Characteristics of the Agricultural Sector, Agricultural Policies, Agricultural Supports, Government Interventions, Economic Effects of Agricultural Support Policies