Sound installation and audience in the context of relational aesthetics in contemporary art after 1990

After the Industrial Revolution, the sociological and psychological effects of mechanization and technology have become an inseparable part of our life and art. Later, besides natural sounds, artificial sounds, the concept of noise and sound installations with the audience were included in this development process. Nicolas Bourriaud evaluated and developed the inclusion of the audience in artistic works as "Relational Aesthetics". In this study named "Sound Installation and the Audience in the Context of Relational Aesthetics in Post-1990 Contemporary Art", the inclusion of the audience in the works and the place and importance of the sound phenomenon in contemporary art are discussed, based on the use of ready-made objects and ready-made sound in the context of relational aesthetics in the historical process. In this study; in terms of relational aesthetics, the breaking points created by the concept of ready-made sound in contemporary art in terms of the thesis topic of the Fluxus movement with the influence of John Cage, Marcel Duchamp and Dada movement were examined. In this thesis, sound installations and sound installations, as an artistic expression of sound in contemporary art, as a form of artistic expression, and as a ready-made object, are discussed in general. The fact that sound becomes an independent material in terms of use, its development process in the context of relational aesthetics and sound installation, its development until the art after 1990 has been historically examined. In the context of relational aesthetics after 1990, the phenomenon of sound, with the development of sound-based production technology, has turned into a different form of artistic expression in each artist, apart from visual perception and conceptually, as seen in the artists discussed in the thesis. The phenomenon of sound in contemporary art has turned into a different form of expression apart from music and also the traditional understanding of art. Luıg Russolo's Noise Manifesto influenced artists, especially John Cage, and led them to question. Marcel Duchamp's work called "Fountain" has been a part of artistic production as a readymade object and has developed a different perspective for artists. In the first chapter, general information about the thesis was given and an introduction was made to the subject. In the second part, the development process of relational aesthetics is discussed in general. The reflection of technological developments on art productions and the enrichment of materials that can be used in art productions have been one of the subjects examined. In the second part of the thesis, the situation of the viewer being removed from the position of the watcher and communicating with the art work produced, and the descent of art into the daily life areas are examined in the second part of the thesis. In the introductory stage of the third part of the thesis, the relationship between the audience and the work was discussed, the definitions of sound and installation were made and the use of sound outside of music was examined. In this context, studies and artists were examined. In the fourth chapter, personal practice studies within the scope of the thesis are discussed. Art works produced by including the sound phenomenon and aiming to interact with the audience are discussed. The communication that is tried to be revealed between the audience and the art products, the use of the identity of the voice, the transformation of it into a different form of expression in contemporary art other than the traditional understanding of art are evaluated. For the study, the library, resources accessible from the internet, articles and theses, catalogs of artists related to the subject and artistic works were used. Application studies are discussed within the scope of the thesis. As a result of these application studies, it has been one of the gains that there is no certain limit in the materials used during artistic production and that everything that exists can be used in the creation process.