Proofs for the existence of god according to Abdurrahman Hasan Habenneke al-Maydānī (Isbāt al-Wājib)

This study aims to systematically present the isbāt al-wājib (proofs of the Necessary Being) developed by the recent Islamic scholar ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Ḥasan Ḥabannaka al-Maydānī to demonstrate the existence of God. The study examines both the theoretical and rational foundations of these arguments, as well as al-Maydānī's academic critiques of recent forms of atheism. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter introduces al-Maydānī's life and scholarly personality. The second chapter examines the lexical and Qur'anic meanings of the concept of "dalīl" (proof/evidence) and its technical framework in Sunnī kalām. It systematically analyzes the classical theologians' definitions and classifications of "dalīl." The third chapter explains the main principles of al-Maydānī's isbāt al-wājib method and evaluates the fourteen proofs he presents on this basis in terms of their logical structure, methods of reasoning, and innate-rational content. The fourth chapter presents al-Maydānī's critiques of recent atheist approaches. The research is conducted through a qualitative method centered on al-Maydānī's original Arabic works. The study concludes that al-Maydānī offers a unique methodology by synthesizing classical Kalām with contemporary rational and scientific challenges. It also finds that some of his proofs are organized systematically under independent headings for the first time in the literature. Thus, the thesis proposes a comprehensive model that can be utilized in developing theological arguments against contemporary anti-religious ideologies.