Clinical correlation of factor V leiden G1691A and MTHFR A1298C gene polymorphism in cases of COVID-19 pneumonia infection admitted to emergency department

Factor V Leiden mutation is recognised as the most common cause of thrombophilia. Factor V Leiden mutation increases the risk of venous thrombosis. The results of the study in which we investigated the clinical relevance of Factor V Leiden G1691A and MTHFR A1298C gene polymorphism, the distribution of polymorphism in these genes in patients with viral pneumonia, their effect on prediction of clinical course and mortality are given below: The mean age of our patients was 53.4 years and 58% of them were male. There was no statistically significant difference between adult patients in terms of age and gene polymorphisms in our study. The rate of FVL G1691A GA in the case group (22.7%) was statistically significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.05). Treatment of 108 (72%) of 150 patients was continued in the hospital, 81 of these patients (72%) were treated in the ward and 27 of them treated in the ICU. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of leukocyte count, haemoglobin, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, platelet, monocyte, CRP, urea, creatinine, D-dimer, ferritin, thromponin, fibrinogen, INR value (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between FVL G1691A-GA and FVL G1691A-GG groups in terms of hospitalisation site, hospitalisation duration and survival (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the MTHFR A1298C-AA and MTHFR A1298C-AC groups in terms of hospitalisation/discharge rate, hospitalisation site and survival (p>0.05), while the length of hospitalisation in the MTHFR A1298C-AC group was significantly higher than in the MTHFR A1298C-AA group (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between FVL G1691A and MTHFR A1298C heterozygous and non-heterozygous groups in terms of D-dimer values (p=0.022). We investigated FVL G1691A and MTHFR A1298C gene polymorphism in patients with Covid pneumonia admitted to the emergency department of Pamukkale University, Department of Emergency Medicine and discussed the relationship between this situation and the clinic by making use of our findings and current literature data. In our study, D-dimer was quite high in patients who were heterozygous in both genes and the duration of hospitalisation was prolonged in these patients.