Investigation of the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques and core stabilization exercises on physical and functional parameters in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two different exercise methods on scoliosis severity, gait, physical, functional parameters, and quality of life in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). In the study, 28 individuals with AIS Lenke type 1 curvature were participated and randomly divided into two groups: Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation group (n = 14) and Core stabilization group (n = 14). A 10-week exercise program was applied to both groups 3 days a week under the control of a physiotherapist. Before and after treatment; Cobb angles of curves with anterior-posterior radiography, trunk rotations with scoliometer in forward bending test, perception of cosmetic deformity with Walter Reed Visual Assessment Scale (WRVAS), upper and lower extremity muscle strength with Biodex System 4-Pro®, spinal mobility with Spinal Mouse®, gait parameters with the 10 meter walk test, depression level with the child depression scale, reaction times with the Nelson hand and foot reaction test Balance and Postüral Stability Biodex Balance System® (Biodex Medical Systems Shirley, New York, United States) and quality of life evaluated with the Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) questionnaire. After the treatment, a decrease in Cobb angles and trunk rotation angles, improvement in the perception of cosmetic deformity, spinal mobility, muscle strength, gait parameters, and quality of life were observed in both groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, Core stabilization exercises were found to be more effective than PNF exercises in reducing the severity of scoliosis, correcting scoliosis-related problems, and improving the quality of life (p<0,05). The results of our study showed that both exercise methods can be used in the conservative treatment of AIS considering the purpose of the treatment, but it is important to include core stabilization exercises in the AIS treatment program. It is thought that the results of our study will bring a different perspective to the professionals working in this field for the conservative treatment of AIS. Keywords: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, Exercise, Core stabilization, Scoliosis,Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation