The ultrastructural examination and the evaluation of nos isoforms effects of tese tissues taken from azospermic patients

Infertility is usually seen 10-15% in married couples and about 50% of all these cases depend on male dysfunction. One of the main reasons of the male dysfunction is the azoospermia, found no sperm spermatozoa in semen. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms (eNOS, iNOS, nNOS) isoforms have pointed out the presence of testicular tissue the said components of nitic oxide (NO) has attached the effect on spermatogenesis. NO has also been proved to be effective on sperm maturation and motility. Furthermore with this series of spermatogenic cell cycle, the disorder between the cells inhibit the production of spermatozoa. In this cases of azoospermia testicular tissue were obtained by testicular sperm extraction (TESE). We examined using Hematoxylin-eosin (H-E), Masson's trichrome technique and Toluidine blue along with light microscopy at the level of morphology. We showed NOS isoforms and the existance of tight junctions protein ZO-1 using immunohistochemistry.. In connection with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) findings we aimed to investigate the structure of the ultrastructural level and as a result to evaluate the effect of NOS isoforms with a tubular structure. Through our findings in spermatozoa absent groups the structure of seminiferous tubules were deteriorated, degenerated and hyalinized. eNOS reaction in spermatozoa detected group was considerably higher than spermatozoa absent group. While in spermatozoa absent group iNOS reaction was quite high, nNOS reaction was no significant difference. It was observed that ZO-1 expression normal in blood-testis barrier. Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS) we refer to as the spermatozoa absent group ZO-1 reaction was observed between lateral surfaces of all the Sertoli cells. The ultrastructural results were also supported with light microscopy findings. These findings suggested that disturbance of ZO-1 reaction in Sertoli cells and increased of iNOS reaction in the seminiferous tubules might be one of the factors involved in the impairment of spermatogenesis. Therefore tight junctions among Sertoli cells are regard as having crucial roles in spermatogenesis.