Geographical characteristics of Bakirköy district

Located in the Çatalca-Kocaeli part of the Marmara Region, Bakırköy is a district in the southwest part of İstanbul. Bakırköy is situated in a position above Marmara Sea, south of Güngören and Bahçelievler districts, west of Zeytinburnu and east of Küçükçekmece, the place of research. Bakırköy, the place of research, involves geographical formations which occured in different geographical periods. A layer of schist and, continental facies and marinalfacies in Neogene, and depots of alluvion are seen at the coasts of Marmara Sea in Bakırköy. Plateaus, Hilly area and valleys are the major sandstone could be observed in the period of Devonian, limestone and conglomerate in Eocene landforms with different developed altitude levels on existing geological formations in the study yard. The Marmara Region's climate conditions – a subpart of the Mediterranean climate zone – are dominant in the district of Bakırköy. The average temperature in the district is 14,5 ºC. The average temperature is 5,9 ºC in January and 23,3ºC in July. Total annual rainfall is 649,3mm.The dominant wind direction is NNE. The creeks of Ayamama, Çırpıcı and Siyavuşpaşa are located in Bakırköy. All kinds of general soil group – formed in line with climate conditions, natural vegetations and rock bottom - could be seen in the district. There are limeless brown forest soils of Zonal soils, Rendzina soils of İntrazonal soils and Regosoller and alluvial soils of azonalsoils. Due to rapid urbanization, the vegetation has been destroyed partly, which resulted in government's allowing house settlement in these areas. The fact that urbanization has been on the rise has caused the vegetation to be scarce. In the research area, vegetation can not be seen but small sized grassland and woods are observable. Bakırköy Botanical Park and Florya Atatürk Forestare the only significant green spaces. I am in the opinion that the facts about the characteristics of the physical, human and economic geography of the district would be a reference source for those who are interested in the town, and would give substantial contributions to governmental and special institutions and organizations in carrying out planning services for the future.