Toxi̇c effects of some plant extracts against tetranychus urticae koch (acari: tetranychidae) and i̇ts predator, neoseiulus californicus(mcgregor) (acari: phytoseiidae)

In recent years, the use of plant extracts has gained importance among the alternative methods of control of phytophagal mites that cause damage to many plants. It is thought that the combined use of plant extracts and predator mites, especially in undergrowth production, will increase the success in mite control. In this study, lavender (Lavandula intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.), Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.), basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), peppermint (Mentha spicata) plant extracts of Tetranychus urticae and important predator mite Neoseiulus The toxic and repellent effects against californicus were investigated. In the toxic effect studies, leaf disc-spray tower method was used. In experiments, concentrations of 1, 3, 6 and 12 ml / l concentrations of plant extracts were applied to egg, protonymph and adult periods of predator mites and their toxic effects were determined. Bioassay with one control and four concentrations of each extract was replicated ten times.10 individuals are available in each repeat. In toxic effect studies, dead live counts were made in 24, 48 and 72 hours. For repellent effect studies, 0.1, 1, 5 and 10 ml / l concentrations of plant extracts were used. In repellent effect studies, the repellent effects of plant extracts were determined by counting individuals in control and plant extract sections of leaf discs at 24, 48 and 72 hours. As a result of the study, we have obtained promising results for the use of thyme extract against Neoseiulus californicus. The highest death rates of Tetranychus urticae at nymph and adult stages were found at 12% concentrations of sage and rosemary extracts. At this concentration, death rate in nymph and adults were found as 85% and 89% for thyme extract and 58% and 82% for mint extract. Ovicidal effect of sage and thyme extracts on pest was determined at the same concentration. As a consequence, thyme and mint extracts are thought to be used as an alternative method to pesticides in Tetranychus urticae control. At the end of 72 hours, the highest effect on plant extracts of T. urticae was found to be 83% hyssop extract at 10ml / l concentration and the lowest effect was lavender. The highest effect of plant extracts on T. urticae nymphs was determined as 73.36% oregano extract at a concentration of 10ml / l and lowest effect was 62.56% lavender. The highest toxic effect of plant extracts on Neoceilus californicus adults and nymphs was determined in thyme and mint, but these effects were not very high. It was observed that almost half of the predator mite eggs were not opened at the highest concentrations of the five plant extracts used in the study. The highest effect of plant extracts on egg laying was determined in peppermint extract with 59.58% and the lowest effect was basil with 51.56%.