Determination of seed and oil production and oil quality in some poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) varieties and lines

This research was carried out in the experimental field of Ankara University Faculty of Agriculture Department of Field Crops during the winter vegetation period of 2019-20 and 2020-21. 16 varieties and 3 lines were used in the experiment, and 4 replications were prepared according to the Randomized Blocks Trial Design. Average values according to phenological and morphological observation results; emergence period 13-18 days, flowering period 203-210 days and maturation period 257-262 days, seed colors;1 pink, 1 brown, 3 white, 8 yellow and 10 blue; Flower colors: 4 purple, 4 light purple and 11 white; The plant height was measured as 81.0-96.3 cm, the number of capsules per plant was 2.61-3.90, the capsule length was 44-52 mm, the capsule width was 35-45 mm, the number of capsule stigmas was 9.67-12.88, and the seed/capsule ratio was 0.94-1.52%. Average values regarding yield; Capsule yield per plant is 2.79-4.51 g, seed yield per plant is 3.01-5.61 g, seed yield per decare is 105.5-196.6 kg/da, capsule yield per plant is 2.79-4.51 g, capsule yield per decare is 97.6-158.1 kg/da, morphine yield is 0.405. -1.612 kg/da, noscapine yield 0.486-0.640 kg/da, codeine yield 0.063-0.223 kg/da, thebaine yield 0.011-0.193 kg/da, papaverine yield 0.008-0.097 kg/da, oripavine yield 0.012-0.065 kg/da. The oil yield was 40.4-82.9 kg/da and the thousand seed weight was 0.316-0.428 g. Alkaloid ratios are respectively; The rate of morphine was found to be 0.36-1.44%, the rate of noscapine was 0.07-0.45%, the rate of codeine was 0.07-0.20%, the rate of thebaine was 0.01-0.19%, the rate of papaverine was 0.01-0.1%, the rate of oripavine was 0.01-0.06%. Fat rate 39.50-42.10%, protein rate 17.0-17.2%, linoleic acid rate 68.39-75.60%, oleic acid rate 11.24-17.84%, palmitic acid rate 8.42-9.69%, stearic acid rate 2.21-2.43%, linolenic acid rate, palmitoleic acid rate was determined as 0.15-0.31%, and myristic acid rate was determined as 0.03-0.05. According to the results of the research; Ofis-1 and OFİS-NM for morphine, Ofis-1 and OFİS-NP for noscapine, fatty acids; Linoleic acid TMO-3 and Ofis-95, oleic acid Ofis-1 and OFİS-NP, palmitic acid TMO-2 and Ofis-3 were the prominent varieties.