Investigation of the relationship between apical periodontitis and host modulation provided by nutritional supplement

Investigation of the Relationship Between Apical Periodontitis and Host Modulation Provided by Nutritional Supplement The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between host modulation provided with nutritional supplementation in addition to routine nutrition and inflammation/resorption due to apical periodontitis. 79 Sprague-Dawley were divided to 7 groups as rats control (n=7), apical periodontitis (n=12), vegetable oil (n=12), physiological saline (n=12), probiotic (n=12), propolis (n=12) and vitamin E (n=12). For apical periodontitis induction, the pulps of the mandibular first molars were left open to the oral environment in experimental groups other than the control group. In nutritional supplement administration groups; 0.5 ml vegetable oil, 1 ml physiological saline, 109 CFU L.rhamnosus, 100 mg / kg propolis, 60 mg/kg vitamin E were administered, respectively. At the end of the 30th day, blood was taken and the rats were sacrificed and the blood was sent to the laboratory for biochemistry analysis. Osteoblastic, osteoclastic, inflammation, fibrosis, angiogenesis and abscess formation were evaluated by histopathological method. OPG, RANKL and TRAP levels were analyzed using immunohistochemical staining techniques. SPSS statistical package program (IBM SPSS Version 22.0) was used to evaluate the data. Biochemical evaluations revealed no change in serum ALP and P values in all groups (p>0.05). Serum Ca levels differed in rats with apical periodontitis (p<0.01). In the histopathological evaluation, it was determined that nutritional supplements had different effects on osteoblastic activity (p=0.044), osteoclastic activity (p=0.0456), inflammation (p<0.0001), fibrosis (p<0.0001) and angiogenesis (p<0.0148) parameters, but had no effect on abscess formation (p>0.05). According to the immunohistochemical evaluations, there was no statistical difference between the control and experimental groups in terms of OPG and TRAP values (p>0.05). RANKL level was found to be significantly lower in the nutritional supplement group compared to the apical periodontitis group. (p<0.01). Nutritional supplement applications showed anti-inflammatory and antiresorptive effects on experimentally induced apical periodontitis. Keywords: Apical periodontitis, host modulation, vegetable oil, probiotic, propolis, vitamin E.