Comparison of financial performance of participation and conventional banks using multicriteria methods: Case study in Turkey

The participation Bank is the one dealing with Islamic banking system, while the conventional bank deals with the interest in its loan which falls under the rule of usury that is a sin in Islam. Nowadays Islamic banking system is considered as the alternative to the conventional banking system, that's why, it's important to compare the financial performances of conventional and participation banks. This study aims to compare the performance of participation banks represented by 3 Islamic banks with the performance of conventional banks represented by 6 conventional banks in Turkey through ranking each bank alone using multi criteria data analysis using MAUT and TOPSIS methods, which depend on some financial ratios were collected from the annual financial reports, for the period of 5 years during 2011 to 2015; To rank the years from best year to worst year of each bank according to their performance; first the most common five financial ratios are calculated for each banks during 5 years, then applying the MAUT and TOPSIS methods to those indicators. In other words, regarding each bank's five ratios, years were ranked from best to worst using TOPSIS and MAUT methods taking account of equally weighted. In this research, the calculation of each method has been done with two approaches; the first approach is by calculating with each bank alone, while the second approach is by calculating with all banks together. The result of using MAUT method equally distributed weights with considering each bank alone approach shows that the best performance for Islamic banks is 2011, while the years of best performance for conventional banks are 2011 and 2012. According to the results of using MAUT method with considering all banks together approach shows that the best year for Islamic banks is 2013, while the best years for Conventional banks are 2011 and 2012. On the other hand, the result of using TOPSIS method equally distributed weights with considering each bank alone approach shows that the best performance for Islamic banks is 2011, while the years of best performance for conventional banks are 2011 and 2014. According to the results of using TOPSIS method with considering all banks together approach shows that the best year for Islamic banks is 2011, while the best years for Conventional banks are 2011 and 2012. In the MAUT and TOPSIS methods with two approaches, the result of best year of Islamic bank is 2011 but only in MAUT method with all banks together approach, the best year is 2013. However, the Conventional banks have the same best years which are 2011 and 2012 but only in TOPSIS method with each bank alone approach, instead of 2012 the best year is 2014. The final findings of this research use MAUT and TOPSIS methods with each bank approach and all banks together approach. The result showed the best performance of all selected Turkish banks occurred in 2011 for Islamic banks, 2011 and 2012 for Conventional banks, and it is not highly affected by the method is used; it might have different findings using a higher number of banks, a different period, or applying other methods. For future work, it can be considered more number of banks, different country, a wide period of time, or using another method. Keywords: Participation banks, Conventional banks, Financial Ratios, Turkish banks, Multi criteria decision, MAUT method, TOPSIS method.