Comparison of the course of COVİD-19 in patients with solid organ malignancies and patients without malignancy

Aim: It is known that cancer patients are in the risk group during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of solid organ malignancy on the course and mortality of COVID-19 disease. Material-Method: The study included 580 patients who were hospitalized in Ankara University Medical Faculty Ibni Sina Hospital COVID-19 clinic and COVID-19 intensive care, evaluated and followed outpatient in the COVID-19 policlinic between 17 March 2020 and 29 September 2021. Patients were matched 1:3. 146 patients with solid organ malignancy, older than 18 years of age and positive for SARS-COV-2 PCR, were included in the study. Patients with hematological malignancies, marrow transplantation, solid organ transplantation, in cure or remission were excluded. As the control group, 436 patients with similar age, sex, comorbidities and vaccination status were included. The information of the patients was obtained retrospectively from the information system of our hospital. Results: Our results showed COVID-19 patients with malignancy had higher risks in mortality (OR: 3.8, %95 Cl 1.9-7.4; p<0.001). Hospitalization, secondary infections, critical disease, oxygen therapy, ICU, steroid treatment were found to be higher in patients with solid organ malignancy (p<0.05). Furthermore, solid organ malignancy patients were found to have higher CRP, prokalsitonin, nötrofil, NLR, D-dimer, ferritin values (p<0.05). Lymphopenia was more remarkable in this patient group (p<0.05). In addition, CRP>54.7 mg/L, procalcitonin>0.110 ng/mL, D-dimer>502.5 ng/mL, LDH>412.5 U/L were associated with mortality. Advanced age, male sex increases the risk of mortality (p<0.05). Mortality rate was higher in patients with metastatic solid organ tumors (p<0.05). Mortality rate was found to be higher in patients with ECOG ≥2 (p<0.05). CRP>54.7 mg/L and D-dimer>502.5 were associated with mortality in patients with solid organ malignancy (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that solid organ malignancy is an independent risk factor for mortality among patients with COVID-19. In these patients, CRP>54.7 mg/L and D-dimer>502.5 ng/mL predict mortality. Patients with solid organ malignancies should be informed about vaccination and prevention measures and should be encouraged.