The influence of storage time on fatty acid and germination rate of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seed

Objective: This research was carried out to determine the effect of storage time on the germination properties of cottonseed, plant oil and fatty acid compositions. Material Method: Gloria, Naz 07, Nazilli 66-100, Nazilli 84S, Ozbek 100, Ozbek 142, SC 2079, Sezener 76, ST 453, Şahin cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties, which were improved in Turkey, were used as plant material. A field study was established using a randomized block design with 10 cotton varieties to obtain seeds harvested in the same year. The cotton bolls obtained from the cotton plants in the field were ginned. After ginned, half of the seeds with fuzzy fibre were drilled to obtain no-fuzzy fibre seeds and the half of other seeds with fuzzy fibre were stored. The germination tests and oil rations and fatty acid compositions analysis were carried out in both seeds with fuzzy fibre and seeds without fuzzy fibre of 10 cotton varieties in cold (15℃) and hot (30℃) conditions under laboratory conditions in the 0-1, 3rd and 5th during storage months after harvest. Conclusion: It was observed that stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid fatty acids, which constitute a large part of the cottonseed fatty acid composition, were not in the same amounts in the seed at the 1st, 3rd and 5th months during the storage period. The amount of stearic acid was decreased from 2.39% to 2.29% on average throughout storage. The average values of oleic acid amounts was decreased from 18.24% to 17.79% during the storage period, on the other hand the average value of linoleic acid were increased from 49.94% to 52.96% during the storage period. It was also determined that the amount of palmitic acid was decreased from 24.30% to 23.92% in the period from the 1st month to the 5th month. It was observed that the decrease in the germination percentage in cotton seeds with fuzzy fibre stored was less than that of seeds without fuzzy fibre stored. It has been revealed that storage time and conditions effect significantly on some characteristics of the cotton seed quality.