Investigation of the location and hydraulic energy potentials of historic water mills in Diyarbakir province

In recent years, increasing awareness of the environment and issues such as climate change and global warming and the increase in studies on these issues have increased the importance of building energy production facilities as facilities that do not harm vegetation and are more suitable for environmental conditions. Therefore, interest in renewable energy has increased and most of the energy generation facilities that have been put into use in recent years have been renewable energy facilities such as hydro, solar, wind, biomass, geothermal. Today, due to the need for clean energy and sustainable electricity generation, hydropower plays a central role in meeting energy demand. Especially, small micro hydroelectric power plants, as well as being a clean, reliable and environmentally friendly energy, provide opportunities for the development of rural areas, has increased its importance and applicability worldwide in recent years. One of the main objectives of this thesis is to show the possibilities of using water as an energy source based on historical knowledge and new technical developments. Especially in the context of preserving cultural heritage, the restoration of historical water structures and their use in energy production have gained increasing importance in recent years. In this context, a general inventory of historical water structures should be made in order to emphasize the importance of historical water structures in our country, to ensure their protection and to investigate their use in energy production.. The protection of the ecosystem, living things and cultural heritage and ensuring the maintenance of its values have been adopted as one of the basic principles of energy theory and played a decisive role in implementation decisions. In this thesis; The historical water mills in Diyarbakır were researched, their locations were determined, canal dimensions, storage reservoirs, water head and water flow velocity measurements were taken, their inventories were made by naming them and their hydroelectric energy generation potential was determined. Within the scope of the studies, the existence of 24 water mills in Diyarbakır was determined and hydraulic and hydrological data were obtained from 6 water mills. For two of these 6 water mills located in Satı Village, measurements were made at the water source, flow rates were calculated with the Speed-Area Method and the technical energy potential was determined with the Single-Point (SP) method. Hydraulic data were obtained for the other four mills in Hevsel Garden by using mathematical analysis without making flow measurements in the field. After determining the speed and flow rate, the technical energy potential was determined with the same method, Single-Point (SP) method. Energy amounts; it is calculated as 3.2 kW, 2.9 kW and 3.1 kW, 2.8 kW, 2.2 kW, 2.8 kW for the mills located in Satı Village (2 units) and Hevsel Garden (4 units), respectively. In addition to these, financial analyzes have been made for these determined energy values and the income that can be obtained in unlicensed energy production has been determined by price comparisons provided by a network.