Ideological origins and the transformation of activities of the terrorist organisation "Al Qaeda"

The Middle East, where probably the most politically-problematic countries of the world are located, arouses attention with the abundance of enduring conflict areas besides the socio-economic problems which have continued for centuries. Social problems, transformations in the structure of the international system, and the point where the global economy has reached, boost the terror and clash environment in the Middle East. In addition to the reactional formations resulting from the attempts of international actors to increase their influence in the region, some terrorist groups which also occur as a result of the initiatives of the international actors also play a significant role in the continuation of the exsistence of this clash and terror environment. The aim of this thesis is to examine the ideological roots and the transformations of the activities of Al-Qaeda terrorist organisation, which has emerged as "the greatest enemy" of The United States, the superpower in the Post-Cold War era. In the thesis, the phases that the actions of Al-Qaeda terrorist organization have undergone since its establishment and the ways that it may affect the international politics in the future have been studied in the light of the data presented from past to present. Keywords: Religion, Terror, Terrorism, Sectarian, Wahhabism, Fundamentalism, Al-Qaeda, Jihad