Erken dönem parkinson hastalarinda optik sinirin fonksiyonel ve morfolojik olarak değerlendirilmesi ve takibi

Aim: Aim of the study is to evaluate and follow-up of functional and morphological changes of the optic nerve prospectively in patients with early stage Parkinson's Disease. Method: 38 eyes of 19 patients with a diagnosis of early stage Parkinson's disease and 38 eyes of 19 age matched healthy controls were included in the study. All participiants were examined 3 time intervals at least 6 month after the first examination. Pattern visually evoked potentials (VEP) and contrast sensitivity measurement at photopic conditions, color vision test with Ishihara cards and full field vision test were performed in addition to a complete ophthalmologic examination. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness of four quadrants (top, bottom, nasal, temporal) were recorded separately. Central and mean macular thickness and macular volume were measured. Results: Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was observed significantly lower in patients within all three examinations. Relative afferent pupillary defect was not detected in any case. While one patient in the patient groups in terms of color vision has moderate dyschromatopsia, there was no significant difference between the two groups. Contrast sensitivity values of the patient group was significantly lower in all spatial frequencies. P100 wave latency of VEP was significantly longer and amplitude was lower in patient group, however significant deterioration was not observed during the follow-up. Although average peripapillary of RNFL thickness was not significant between groups, RNFL thickness in the upper quadrant was thinner in the patient group. While there was no difference in terms of mean macular thickness and total macular volume values between the groups initially, a significant decrease occured in the patient group during the follow-up. During the initial and follow-up process, a significant deterioration in visual field was observed in the patient group. Conclusion: Structural and functional disorders shown as electro-physiologically and morphologically exist in different stages of visual pathways in early stage Parkinson's disease. Key Words: Optical coherence tomography, Parkinson's disease, RNFL, VEP