Evaluation of quality of life and fluid accumulation problem in patients with renal failure in hospital dialysis centers in Diyala / Iraq

Background: Renal failure is a global public health problem, and in Iraq, hospital dialysis centers are facing an increasing demand for services. Patients with renal failure often experience a decrease in their quality of life due to physical, psychological, and social factors. This study aimed to investigate the quality of life of patients with renal failure in hospital dialysis centers in Diyala, Iraq, based on demographic characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used, and data on age, gender, education, work status, comorbidities, dialysis treatment, and diet were collected using a personal information form. The Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short-Form (KDQoL-SF) questionnaire was used to assess quality of life, consisting of 36 items organized into 5 sub-dimensions. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and One-Way ANOVA analysis. The study highlights the importance of understanding the relationship between demographic factors and the quality of life of patients with renal failure to develop targeted interventions to enhance their well-being. Results: This study found significant associations between various demographic and treatment-related factors and the quality of life of patients with renal failure in hospital dialysis centers in Diyala, Iraq. Age, education level, income, frequency and duration of hemodialysis sessions, gender, marital status, and residence were identified as potential factors that can influence quality of life (p<0.001). Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for tailored interventions that address the unique needs and challenges faced by different patient subgroups. However, the limitations of the cross-sectional design and potential confounding factors should be acknowledged, and further research is needed to validate and expand on these findings in diverse populations.