Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonid application results in a variety of retinal diseases

In this study the records of totally 82 eyes of 80 cases with macular edema; 31 (37.8%) eyes of 30 cases diagnosed as diabet, 20 (24.4%) eyes of 20 cases diagnosed as retinal vein occlusion, 31 (37.8%) eyes of 30 cases diagnosed as age related macular degeneration treated with intravitreal triamcinolone acetonid were retrospectively eveluated. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), fundus fluorescein angiography, biomicroscopic and fundus examinations were performed before and after IVTA injection. Before the injection, acetazolamide tablet was given to all cases. After local anesthesia 4mg/0.1 cc triamcinolone was injected. The following day, because of high IOP, topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors have been applied in 11 eyes with diabet, 5 eyes with retinal vein occlusion, 11 eyes with age related macular degeneration.In all patients the difference between the initial visual acuity level and the visual acuity levels at 1st, 6th, 12th months after the IVTA injection was statistically significant. The increase of visual acuity at 6th month compared before the treatment and the decrease of visual acuity compared at the 1st month was statistically significant. The decrease of visual acuity at 12th month compared at the 6th month was statistically significant. In all 82 cases IOP changes were not statistically significant at all measurements. IOP reached the highest level at first day and topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors have been applied in 27 (32.9%) eyes. Surgery and additional treatment were not neccessary. In the follow up, IOP values decreased and have been normal. As the postoperative complications of 82 eyes were examined, in 3 (3.6%) eyes of 82 eyes, pseudoendophthalmitis was observed postoperatively 1st day. In these patients, hypopion has shown a regression with medical treatment within a week,. Endophthalmitis was not observed in any of the patients. In 5 of 82 eyes (6.09%) development or increase in cataract were determined. In these patients, phacoemulsification+intraocular lens implantation were performed. Postoperative complications such as retinal tear, retinal detachment were not observed.IVTA injection in the treatment of diabetic macular edema and macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion is an effective method. Although promising results have been achieved with the studies in the literature, multicenter, randomized, placebo controlled and comparative researchs need to be done to eveluate the effect of IVTA injection.Key words:Triamcinolone Acetonid, Macular Edema, Visual Acuity, Intraocular Pressure