Evaluation of the terms and metaphors reflecting the concept of unity in Feriduddin Attar's work "Mantiqu't-Tayr"

In his work "Mantiqu't-tayr", Feriduddin Attâr expresses his understanding of unity through metaphorical language at a time when the concept of unity was not yet systematized. Attâr aims to establish a metaphysical system that explains unity based on the spiritual and psychological experiences of Sufi seekers. His method and approach have influenced many Sufi scholars who came after him. Throughout the work, the concept of unity is considered the foundation of everything and strengthened through various metaphors, Sufi terms, and stories. Attâr uses metaphorical language to make Sufi truths more understandable within the framework of his own understanding of unity. Through the personification of birds, he illustrates ways and methods for reaching unity from multiplicity, and portrays the spiritual states of seekers through metaphorical and Sufi concepts. Living in a period where the Sufi understanding was beginning to become corrupt, Feriduddin Attâr attempted to establish a correct understanding of Sufism and unity. In "Mantiqu't-tayr", he describes the changes in the spiritual states of seekers on the path of spiritual ascension, ethical situations that need to be avoided or embraced, and does so in a manner consistent with the linguistic and cultural structures of his time. Attâr also highlights the educational aspect of Sufism by offering solutions for the sickness of desire that prevent unity