Filistin'de ikinci intifada; Sosyal, ekonomik, siyasi, askeri, güvenlikle ilgili sonuçlar 2000-2005

Palestine is an Arab country located in the heart of the Middle East, which links West Asia and North Africa. It is one of the countries that had embraced many civilizations and had been a cradle for various religions during the course of the history. Therefore, Palestine is endowed with an important location and characterized by the beautiful nature and atmosphere of the Mediterranean Sea. These characteristics have always made it an attraction center for occupation forces with an aspiration to control the country. This study dwells upon domestic development of Palestine and particularly the ramifications of the case known as the Second Intifada between 2000 and 2005 in terms of economy, society, politics and military. Due to its nature of complications causing a substantive effect on the Palestinian society, the Second Intifada addresses in this study bears great importance. The study further touches upon the decline of Palestinians' morale during the Second Intifada due to being subject to psychological pressure which caused nervousness. In this regard, the history of the second Intifada in Palestine is a case that cannot bear indifference since it is also a part of the conflict between Palestinians and Israelis. This study sheds light on the compelling humanitarian situation as well as devastated economy in Gaza and West Bank during the Second Intifada showing the severe death toll for Palestinians particularly in Gaza and West Bank. In this context, the study examines the Second Intifada in-dept and focuses on how this incident affected politics towards the Palestinians residing in the region. Nonetheless, the failure of negotiations between Palestinians and Israelis during the Second Intifada led Palestinians to give up hope for their political rights. Moreover, Israeli military oppression on Palestinian people in the West Bank and Gaza has increased along with repression, which has led to serious security concerns. In the light of these developments, the study elaborates on the severe effects imposed by the Second Intifada on the Israeli political reality in terms of social, economic, military and other aspects of life. In addition, the main reasons for Israeli withdrawal from Gaza Strip in September 2005 is also explored in the study as well as its political, economic and security-related implications. Thus, this study is essentially developed within the framework of monitoring and analyzing the political, military and economic implications of the withdrawal. In this thesis, the Second Intifada (uprising) in Palestine and its social, economic, political, military and security effects between the years 2000 and 2005 and the Israeli withdrawal from Gaza in 2005 will be explained in detail under the framework of two hypotheses. My hypotheses are: 1- Along with the increase of violence, Israel's campaign of revenge against civilians is also incrementing and 2-Violence by the Israeli occupation forces against civilians can be referred to a negative effect on high morals during the Second Intifada and the Withdrawal. Furthermore, the following questions are targeted to be answered: What are social, economic, political, military and security effects of the Second Intifada as well as the Israeli withdrawal from Gaza in 2005 in local and global scale? Keywords: Palestine, West Bank, Gaza, Israel, Hamas, Fatah, Intifada, Withdrawal